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Conventional imaging modalities\u2014including coronary computed tomography angiography, echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging\u2014are indispensable for anatomic and functional assessment, yet they lack the sensitivity to detect subclinical molecular perturbations that precede overt pathology. The advent of molecular imaging, leveraging nuclear, magnetic resonance, computed tomography, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and photoacoustic platforms, enables in vivo visualization of disease-specific biological processes such as inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. This review critically appraises the design and translational potential of molecular probes\u2014including nanoparticles, antibodies, and peptides\u2014focusing on their target specificity, pharmacokinetics, and clinical applicability. We further delineate the utility of molecular imaging in risk stratification and therapeutic monitoring across diverse cardiovascular pathologies, including atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability, cardiac amyloidosis, inflammatory cardiomyopathies, and postinfarction remodeling. Finally, we discuss the integration of artificial intelligence and multiomics approaches in accelerating probe development and target validation, underscoring the paradigm shift toward mechanistically informed, precision cardiovascular medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.125.327199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T18:00:11Z","timestamp":1773338411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Illuminating the Invisible: Translational Molecular Imaging in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese Military Medical School, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing (Y.M., Y.F., Y.W., 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