{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:32:59Z","timestamp":1791178379201,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Background\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction with valved conduits in infancy and childhood leads to reintervention for pulmonary regurgitation and stenosis in later life.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Patients with pulmonary regurgitation with or without stenosis after repair of congenital heart disease had percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI). Mortality, hemodynamic improvement, freedom from explantation, and subjective and objective changes in exercise tolerance were end points. PPVI was performed successfully in 58 patients, 32 male, with a median age of 16 years and median weight of 56 kg. The majority had a variant of tetralogy of Fallot (n=36), or transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis (n=8). The right ventricular (RV) pressure (64.4\u00b117.2 to 50.4\u00b114 mm Hg,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001), RVOT gradient (33\u00b124.6 to 19.5\u00b115.3,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001), and pulmonary regurgitation (PR) (grade 2 of greater before, none greater than grade 2 after,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001) decreased significantly after PPVI. MRI showed significant reduction in PR fraction (21\u00b113% versus 3\u00b14%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001) and in RV end-diastolic volume (EDV) (94\u00b128 versus 82\u00b124 mL \u00b7 beat\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00b7 m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001) and a significant increase in left ventricular EDV (64\u00b112 versus 71\u00b113 mL \u00b7 beat\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00b7 m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.005) and effective RV stroke volume (37\u00b17 versus 42\u00b19 mL \u00b7 beat\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00b7 m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.006) in 28 patients (age 19\u00b18 years). A further 16 subjects, on metabolic exercise testing, showed significant improvement in V\u0307\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    max (26\u00b17 versus 29\u00b16 mL \u00b7 kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00b7 min\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001). There was no mortality.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    PPVI is feasible at low risk, with quantifiable improvement in MRI-defined ventricular parameters and pulmonary regurgitation, and results in subjective and objective improvement in exercise capacity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.104.523266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,15]],"date-time":"2005-08-15T20:25:39Z","timestamp":1124137539000},"page":"1189-1197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":385,"title":["Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Implantation in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Sachin","family":"Khambadkone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); London Cardiac MR Research Group, Division of Imaging Sciences, Kings College and Guy\u2019s Hospital (V.M., S.R.H., R.S.R.); and Heart Hospital (D.P.), London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Coats","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); London Cardiac MR Research Group, Division of Imaging Sciences, Kings College and Guy\u2019s Hospital (V.M., S.R.H., R.S.R.); and Heart Hospital (D.P.), London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); London Cardiac MR Research Group, Division of Imaging Sciences, Kings College and Guy\u2019s Hospital (V.M., S.R.H., R.S.R.); and Heart Hospital (D.P.), London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Younes","family":"Boudjemline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); London Cardiac MR Research Group, Division of Imaging Sciences, Kings College and Guy\u2019s Hospital (V.M., S.R.H., R.S.R.); and Heart Hospital (D.P.), London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Derrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); London Cardiac MR Research Group, Division of Imaging Sciences, Kings College and Guy\u2019s Hospital (V.M., S.R.H., R.S.R.); and Heart Hospital (D.P.), London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Tsang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); London Cardiac MR Research Group, Division of Imaging Sciences, Kings College and Guy\u2019s Hospital (V.M., S.R.H., R.S.R.); and Heart Hospital (D.P.), London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); London Cardiac MR Research Group, Division of Imaging Sciences, Kings College and Guy\u2019s Hospital (V.M., S.R.H., R.S.R.); and Heart Hospital (D.P.), London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Muthurangu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); London Cardiac MR Research Group, Division of Imaging Sciences, Kings College and Guy\u2019s Hospital (V.M., S.R.H., R.S.R.); and Heart Hospital (D.P.), London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjeet R.","family":"Hegde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); London Cardiac MR Research Group, Division of Imaging Sciences, Kings College and Guy\u2019s Hospital (V.M., S.R.H., R.S.R.); and Heart Hospital (D.P.), London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza S.","family":"Razavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Great Ormond Street Hospital (S.K., L.C., A.T., Y.B., G.D., V.T., J.C., J.D., P.B.); 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