{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T09:55:01Z","timestamp":1791107701110,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1_supplement","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Background\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Several studies have reported similarities between calcification of the native aortic valve and atherosclerosis. Recent studies also suggested that hypercholesterolemia may be a risk factor for calcific degeneration of bioprosthetic valves. The metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with a higher risk of vascular atherosclerosis. We thus hypothesized that the atherogenic features of MS could accelerate bioprosthetic valve degeneration.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    We included 217 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement with a bioprosthetic valve in the study. Of these patients, 71 patients (33%) had MS defined according to the modified criteria proposed by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. The annualized increase in mean transprosthetic gradient and the worsening of transprosthetic regurgitation measured by Doppler echocardiography were used to assess the deterioration of valve hemodynamic function. Patients with MS had higher progression of gradient (+4\u00b15 mm Hg\/year versus +2\u00b12 mm Hg\/year,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001), higher proportion of \u22651\/3 degree worsening of regurgitation (25% versus 12%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.02), and higher proportion of valve function deterioration defined as regurgitation worsening and\/or \u22653 mm Hg\/year increase in gradient (41% versus 25%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.02) when compared with patients without MS. On multivariate analysis, MS was an independent predictor of gradient progression (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.01), regurgitation worsening (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.02), and valve function deterioration (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.02). The other independent predictors were diabetes, renal insufficiency, and higher mean gradient at baseline.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    This is the first study to report that the MS is independently associated with faster bioprosthetic valve degeneration. This study could pave the way for the development of a new medical therapy able to significantly reduce the structural valve deterioration of bioprostheses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.105.000422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,6]],"date-time":"2006-07-06T21:56:58Z","timestamp":1152223018000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated With Faster Degeneration of Bioprosthetic Valves"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Briand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laval Hospital Research Center\/Que\u0301bec Heart Institute (M.B., P.P., J.-P.D., P.V., J.G.D., F.D., P.M.), Department of Medicine (M.B., P.P., J.G.D.), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (J.-P.D.), and Department of Surgery (P.V., F.D., P.M.), Laval University, Que\u0301bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Pibarot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laval Hospital Research Center\/Que\u0301bec Heart Institute (M.B., P.P., J.-P.D., P.V., J.G.D., F.D., P.M.), Department of Medicine (M.B., P.P., J.G.D.), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (J.-P.D.), and Department of Surgery (P.V., F.D., P.M.), Laval University, Que\u0301bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Despre\u0301s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laval Hospital Research Center\/Que\u0301bec Heart Institute (M.B., P.P., J.-P.D., P.V., J.G.D., F.D., P.M.), Department of Medicine (M.B., P.P., J.G.D.), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (J.-P.D.), and Department of Surgery (P.V., F.D., P.M.), Laval University, Que\u0301bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Voisine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laval Hospital Research Center\/Que\u0301bec Heart Institute (M.B., P.P., J.-P.D., P.V., J.G.D., F.D., P.M.), Department of Medicine (M.B., P.P., J.G.D.), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (J.-P.D.), and Department of Surgery (P.V., F.D., P.M.), Laval University, Que\u0301bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean G.","family":"Dumesnil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laval Hospital Research Center\/Que\u0301bec Heart Institute (M.B., P.P., J.-P.D., P.V., J.G.D., F.D., P.M.), Department of Medicine (M.B., P.P., J.G.D.), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (J.-P.D.), and Department of Surgery (P.V., F.D., P.M.), Laval University, Que\u0301bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franc\u0327ois","family":"Dagenais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laval Hospital Research Center\/Que\u0301bec Heart Institute (M.B., P.P., J.-P.D., P.V., J.G.D., F.D., P.M.), Department of Medicine (M.B., P.P., J.G.D.), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (J.-P.D.), and Department of Surgery (P.V., F.D., P.M.), Laval University, Que\u0301bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laval Hospital Research Center\/Que\u0301bec Heart Institute (M.B., P.P., J.-P.D., P.V., J.G.D., F.D., P.M.), Department of Medicine (M.B., P.P., J.G.D.), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (J.-P.D.), and Department of Surgery (P.V., F.D., P.M.), Laval University, Que\u0301bec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.89.7.801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.104.486738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(03)00708-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(02)73619-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.08.066"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66378-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.12.073"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.19.2486"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000132467.45278.59"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"293","year":"1982","unstructured":"Deck JD, Thubrikar MJ, Nolan SP, Aouad J. Role of mechanical stress in calcification of bioprostheses. Bioprosthesis. 1982; 293\u2013305.","journal-title":"Bioprosthesis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"520","volume":"12","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wilhelmi MH, Mertsching H, Wilhelmi M, Leyh R, Haverich A. Role of inflammation in allogeneic and xenogeneic heart valve degeneration: immunohistochemical evaluation of inflammatory endothelial cell activation. J Heart Valve Dis. 2003; 12: 520\u2013526.","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(80)90421-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"460","volume":"10","year":"2001","unstructured":"Human P, Zilla P. The possible role of immune responses in bioprosthetic heart valve failure. J Heart Valve Dis. 2001; 10: 460\u2013466.","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skowasch D Schrempf S Wernert N Steinmetz M Jabs A Tuleta I Welsch U Preusse CJ Likungu JA Welz A Luderitz B Bauriedel G. Cells of primarily extravalvular origin in degenerative aortic valves and bioprostheses. Eur Heart J. 2005.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi458"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.17.4.680"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"S22","volume":"27","year":"2003","unstructured":"Despr\u00e9s JP. Inflammation and cardiovascular disease: is abdominal obesity the missing link? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003; 27 (suppl 3): S22\u2013S24.","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044537"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.000422","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T01:01:58Z","timestamp":1715562118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.000422"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,4]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1_supplement","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.000422"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.105.000422","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-07-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}