{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:45:41Z","timestamp":1791276341521,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"22","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Background\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Brugada syndrome is an arrhythmogenic disease characterized by an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) by ventricular fibrillation. At present, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is the recommended therapy in high-risk patients. This multicenter study reports the outcome of a large series of patients implanted with an ICD for Brugada syndrome.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            All patients (n=220, 46\u00b112 years, 183 male) with a type 1 Brugada ECG pattern implanted with an ICD in 14 centers between 1993 and 2005 were investigated. ICD indication was based on resuscitated SCD (18 patients, 8%), syncope (88 patients, 40%), or positive electrophysiological study in asymptomatic patients (99 patients, 45%). The remaining 15 patients received an ICD because of a family history of SCD or nonsustained ventricular arrhythmia. During a mean follow-up of 38\u00b127 months, no patient died and 18 patients (8%) had appropriate device therapy (10\u00b115 shocks\/patient, 26\u00b133 months after implantation). The complication rate was 28%, including inappropriate shocks, which occurred in 45 patients (20%, 4\u00b13 shocks\/patient, 21\u00b120 months after implantation). The reasons for inappropriate therapy were lead failure (19 patients), T-wave oversensing (10 patients), sinus tachycardia (10 patients), and supraventricular tachycardia (9 patients). Among implantation parameters, high defibrillation threshold, high pacing threshold, and low R-wave amplitude occurred, respectively, in 12%, 27%, and 15% of cases.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Conclusion\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            In this large Brugada syndrome population, a low incidence of arrhythmic events was found, with an annual event rate of 2.6% during a follow-up of &gt;3 years, in addition to a significant risk of device-related complications (8.9%\/year). Inappropriate shocks were 2.5 times more frequent than appropriate ones.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.106.628537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,21]],"date-time":"2006-11-21T01:49:48Z","timestamp":1164073788000},"page":"2317-2324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":274,"title":["Outcome After Implantation of a Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Patients With Brugada Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Fre\u0301de\u0301ric","family":"Sacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Probst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshito","family":"Iesaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peggy","family":"Jacon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Laborderie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fre\u0301de\u0301rique","family":"Mizon-Ge\u0301rard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Mabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Reuter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Lamaison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihide","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"O\u2019Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ste\u0301phane","family":"Garrigue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Pierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Jai\u0308s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Luc","family":"Pasquie\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Me\u0301le\u0300ze","family":"Hocini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miche\u0300le","family":"Salvador-Mazenq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Nogami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Amiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Defaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Bordachar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Boveda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Maury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. Mabo); Hopital Saint Andre\u0301, Bordeaux, France (S.R.); CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France (D.L..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Klug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Universite\u0301 Bordeaux II, Ho\u0302pital Cardiologique du Haut-Le\u0301ve\u0302que, Bordeaux-Pessac, France (F.S., M.D.O., P. Jais, M. Hocini, P.B., M. Hai\u0308ssaguerre, J.C.); Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, France (V.P., H.L.M.); Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan (Y.I., Y.T.); CHU de Grenoble, France (P. Jacon, P.D.); CHU de Poitiers, France (J.L., A.A.); CHU de Lille, France (F.M.-G., D.K.); CHU de Rennes, France (P. 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