{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T15:47:47Z","timestamp":1790869667186,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14_suppl_1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Background\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The timing of pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) for free pulmonary incompetence in patients with congenital heart disease remains a dilemma for clinicians. We wanted to assess the determinants of improvement after PVR for pulmonary regurgitation over a wide range of patient ages and to use any identified predictors to compare clinical outcomes between patient groups.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Seventy-one patients (mean age 22\u00b111 years; range, 8.5 to 64.9; 72% tetralogy of Fallot) underwent PVR for severe pulmonary regurgitation. New York Heart Association class improved after PVR (median of 2 to 1,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001). MRI and cardiopulmonary exercise testing were performed before and 1 year after intervention. After PVR, there was a significant reduction in right ventricular volumes (end diastolic volume 142\u00b143 to 91\u00b118, end systolic volume 73\u00b133 to 43\u00b114 mL\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001), whereas left ventricular end diastolic volume increased (66\u00b112 to 73\u00b113 mL\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001). Effective cardiac output significantly increased (right ventricular: 3.0\u00b10.8 to 3.3\u00b10.8 L\/min,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.013 and left ventricular: 3.0\u00b10.6 to 3.4\u00b10.7 L\/min,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001). On cardiopulmonary exercise testing, ventilatory response to carbon dioxide production at anaerobic threshold improved from 35.9\u00b15.8 to 34.1\u00b16.2 (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.008). Normalization of ventilatory response to carbon dioxide production was most likely to occur when PVR was performed at an age younger than 17.5 years (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.013).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    A relatively aggressive PVR policy (end diastolic volume &lt;150 mL\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) leads to normalization of right ventricular volumes, improvement in biventricular function, and submaximal exercise capacity. Normalization of ventilatory response to carbon dioxide production is most likely to occur when surgery is performed at an age \u226417.5 years. This is also associated with a better left ventricular filling and systolic function after surgery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.107.756825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,29]],"date-time":"2008-09-29T21:11:46Z","timestamp":1222722706000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":252,"title":["Biventricular Response After Pulmonary Valve Replacement for Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Frigiola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Tsang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Bull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Coats","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachin","family":"Khambadkone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Derrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Mist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carin","family":"van Doorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Bonhoeffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiothoracic Unit (A.F., V.T., C.B., L.C., S.K., G.D., C.v.D., P.B., A.M.T.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK; the Centre for Cardiovascular MR (A.F., A.M.T.), UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Policlinico San Donato Milanese (A.F.), IRCCS, Milano, Italy; and The Heart Hospital (V.T., B.M., F.W., C.v.D., P.B.), UCLH, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.111209"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"395","volume":"3","year":"2002","unstructured":"Therrien J, Marx GR, Gatzoulis MA. Late problems in tetralogy of Fallot\u2014recognition, management and prevention. Cardiol Clin. 2002; 3: 395\u2013340.","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02714-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(98)70312-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2005.11.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2006.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"Lurz P Coats L Khambadkone K Nordmeyer J Boudjemline Y Schievano S Muthurangu V Yen Lee T Parenzan G Derrick G Cullen S Walker F Tsang V Deanfield J Taylor AM Bonhoeffer P. Six-year experience with percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation\u2014impact of evolving technology and learning curve on clinical outcome. Circulation. 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