{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:27:20Z","timestamp":1790652440874,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Background\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Brief interruptions in chest compressions reduce the efficacy of resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Interruptions of this type are inevitable during hands-off periods for shock delivery to treat ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The safety of a rescuer remaining in contact with a patient being shocked with modern defibrillation equipment has not been investigated.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            This study measured the leakage voltage and current through mock rescuers while they were compressing the chests of 43 patients receiving external biphasic shocks. During the shock, the rescuer\u2019s gloved hand was pressed onto the skin of the patient\u2019s anterior chest. To simulate the worst case of an inadvertent return current pathway, a skin electrode on the rescuers thigh was connected to an electrode on the patient\u2019s shoulder. In no cases were shocks perceptible to the rescuer. Peak potential differences between the rescuer\u2019s wrist and thigh ranged from 0.28 to 14 V (mean 5.8\u00b15.8 V). The average leakage current flowing through the rescuer\u2019s body for each phase of the shock waveform was 283\u00b1140 \u03bcA (range 18.9 to 907 \u03bcA). This was below several recommended safety standards for leakage current.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Rescuers performing chest compressions during biphasic external defibrillation are exposed to low levels of leakage current. The present findings support the feasibility of uninterrupted chest compressions during shock delivery, which may enhance the efficacy of defibrillation and cardiocerebral resuscitation.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.107.763011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]],"date-time":"2008-05-06T00:44:21Z","timestamp":1210034661000},"page":"2510-2514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Hands-On Defibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Ga."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Heeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Ga."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul F.","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Ga."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan J.","family":"Langberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Ga."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-6757(90)90193-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.105.166554"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03410200077029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.3.677"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.105.166557"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.11.1389"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000021429.22005.2e"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199705000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9572(03)00265-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/28.120235"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.22.2620"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.104.20.2465"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.3.299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.63.3.7460251"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2002.01212.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/jcj.65.219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.93.4.837"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.102.8.823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.99.19.2559"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmret.2004.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/aemj.10.6.669"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altman LK. Who Goes First? The Story of Self-Experimentation in Medicine. 1st ed. Berkeley Calif: University of California Press; 1998.","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520340473"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2004.06.002"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.763011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T05:56:04Z","timestamp":1715579764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.763011"}},"subtitle":["An Analysis of Electrical Current Flow Through Rescuers in Direct Contact With Patients During Biphasic External Defibrillation"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,13]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,13]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.763011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.107.763011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-05-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}