{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:11:07Z","timestamp":1792030267693,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,17]]},"DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.108.191096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,19]],"date-time":"2009-02-19T20:58:59Z","timestamp":1235077139000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":377,"title":["AHA\/ACCF\/HRS Recommendations for the Standardization and Interpretation of the Electrocardiogram"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Pentti M.","family":"Rautaharju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borys","family":"Surawicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard S.","family":"Gettes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.106.180200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.52.3.1157242"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.37.2.1149199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.75.2.3802441"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"Antzelevitch C Sicouri S Lukas A et al. Regional differences in the electrophysiology of ventricular cells: physiological and clinical implications. In: Zipes DO Jalife J eds. Cardiac Electrophysiology: From Cell to Bedside. 2nd ed. Philadelphia Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1995: 228\u201345."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.57.3.4028342"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","unstructured":"Surawicz B. Electrophysiologic Basis of ECG and Cardiac Arrhythmias. Baltimore Md: Williams and Wilkins; 1995: 599\u2013607."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"Surawicz B Knilans TK. Chou\u2019s Electrocardiography in Clinical Practice. Philadelphia Pa: WB Saunders Co; 2001: 540\u201353."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","unstructured":"Surawicz B. Pathogenesis and clinical significance of primary T wave abnormalities. In: Schlant RC Hurst W eds. Advances in Electrocardiography. New York NY: Grune and Stratton; 1972: 377\u2013422."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"29","volume":"46","year":"1931","unstructured":"Wilson FN, Macleod AG, Barker PS. The T deflection of the electrocardiogram. Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1931; 46: 29\u201338.","journal-title":"Trans Assoc Am Physicians"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"Surawicz B. ST-T abnormalities. In: MacFarlane PW Lawrie TDV eds. Comprehensive Electrocardiology. New York NY: Pergamon Books Ltd; 1988: 511\u201363."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(82)90169-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(89)90614-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.8.4.780"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.56.2.872313"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.52.4.6831660"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2000.108510"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02492-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/jelc.2001.28906"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","unstructured":"Macfarlane PW Veitch TD eds. Comprehensive Electrocardiography: Theory and Practice in Health and Disease. New York NY: Pergamon Press Inc; 1989; 3: 1441\u2013785."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","unstructured":"Rautaharju P Rautaharju F. Investigative Electrocardiography in Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials. London UK: Springer Verlag London Ltd; 2007: 1\u2013410."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960220203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197609022951002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.65.5.7074735"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(92)90633-A"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2007.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","first-page":"39","volume":"38","year":"1969","unstructured":"Lepeschkin E. The U wave of the electrocardiogram. Mod Concepts Cardiovasc Dis. 1969; 38: 39\u201345.","journal-title":"Mod Concepts Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1998.tb00890.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(72)90004-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000165531"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.15.1.98"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(82)90225-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","unstructured":"Document E 14: Clinical Evaluation of QT\/QTc Interval Prolongation and Proarrhythmic Potential of Non-Antiarrhythmic Drugs. Rockville Md: US Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration; October 2005."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.102.23.2849"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(52)90174-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","first-page":"672","volume":"5","year":"1997","unstructured":"Statters DJ, Malik M, Ward DE, Camm AJ. QT dispersion: problems of methodology and clinical significance. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1997; 5: 672\u201385.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1996.tb00583.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(94)90409-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.6.3.378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(85)90564-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1999.tb00390.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","first-page":"35","volume":"7","year":"1920","unstructured":"Bazett HC. An analysis of the time-relations of electrocardiograms. Heart. 1920; 7: 35\u201370.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1920.tb18266.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2002.01211.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2004.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(92)90562-D"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.1998.1276"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.09.108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2005.03520.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90654-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","first-page":"690","volume":"8","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rautaharju PM, Zhou SH, Wong S, et al. Sex differences in the evolution of the electrocardiographic QT interval with age. Can J Cardiol. 1992; 8: 690\u20135.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0736(98)90303-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2000.2399"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0736(90)90150-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.12.055"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000095027.28753.9d"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.55.3.253"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00426-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-9-200305060-00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2005.01587.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.63.6.342"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(00)01306-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.99.11.1458"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2000.tb00061.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016397529393"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.108.191098"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T01:33:48Z","timestamp":1715564028000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191096"}},"subtitle":["Part IV: The ST Segment, T and U Waves, and the QT Interval: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society:\n                    <i>Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology<\/i>"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,17]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.108.191096","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-02-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}