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Extensive searches for susceptibility factors have been undertaken, including human leukocyte antigens, B-cell alloantigens, and cytokine genes. Although significant associations have been found between genetic factors and acute rheumatic fever, study results often conflict with each other. This review explores current understanding about host susceptibility to acute rheumatic fever and provides an overall perspective to the number of studies that have recently addressed this subject.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.108.792135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,9]],"date-time":"2009-02-09T22:41:13Z","timestamp":1234219273000},"page":"742-753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":130,"title":["Some of the People, Some of the Time"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Penelope A.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Paediatrics (P.A.B., N.C.), and Microbiology and Immunology (R.R.-B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine (P.A.B., N.C.), and Infection, Immunity and Environment Theme, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute (P.A.B., R.R.-B., N.C.), Royal Children\u2019s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; and Menzies School of Health Research (J.R.C.), Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy","family":"Robins-Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Paediatrics (P.A.B., N.C.), and Microbiology and Immunology (R.R.-B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine (P.A.B., N.C.), and Infection, Immunity and Environment Theme, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute (P.A.B., R.R.-B., N.C.), Royal Children\u2019s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; and Menzies School of Health Research (J.R.C.), Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan R.","family":"Carapetis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Paediatrics (P.A.B., N.C.), and Microbiology and Immunology (R.R.-B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine (P.A.B., N.C.), and Infection, Immunity and Environment Theme, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute (P.A.B., R.R.-B., N.C.), Royal Children\u2019s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; and Menzies School of Health Research (J.R.C.), Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Paediatrics (P.A.B., N.C.), and Microbiology and Immunology (R.R.-B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine (P.A.B., N.C.), and Infection, Immunity and Environment Theme, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute (P.A.B., R.R.-B., N.C.), Royal Children\u2019s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; and Menzies School of Health Research (J.R.C.), Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics. 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