{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T07:34:30Z","timestamp":1791012870675,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Background\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring of cerebral oxygen saturation (rS\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) has become routine in many centers, but no studies have reported the relationship of intraoperative near-infrared spectroscopy to long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after cardiac surgery.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Of 104 infants undergoing biventricular repair without aortic arch reconstruction, 89 (86%) returned for neurodevelopmental testing at 1 year of age. The primary near-infrared spectroscopy variable was the integrated rS\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (area under the curve) for rS\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u226445%; secondary variables were the average and minimum rS\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    by perfusion phase and at specific time points. Psychomotor and mental development indexes of the Bayley scales, head circumference, neurological examination, and abnormalities on brain magnetic resonance imaging did not differ between subjects according to a threshold level for rS\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    of 45%. Lower Psychomotor Development Index scores were modestly associated with lower average (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.23,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.03) and minimum (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.22,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.04) rS\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    during the 60-minute period after cardiopulmonary bypass but not with other perfusion phases. Hemosiderin foci on brain magnetic resonance imaging were associated with lower average rS\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    from postinduction to 60 minutes post cardiopulmonary bypass (71\u00b110% versus 78\u00b16%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.01) and with lower average rSO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    during the rewarming phase (72\u00b112% versus 83\u00b19%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =.003) and during the 60-minute period following cardiopulmonary bypass (65\u00b111% versus 75\u00b110%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.009). In regression analyses that adjusted for age \u226430 days, Psychomotor Development Index score (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.02) and brain hemosiderin (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.04) remained significantly associated with rS\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    during the 60-minute period following cardiopulmonary bypass.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Perioperative periods of diminished cerebral oxygen delivery, as indicated by rS\n                    <jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , are associated with 1-year Psychomotor Development Index and brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities among infants undergoing reparative heart surgery.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Clinical Trial Registration\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    URL: http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00006183.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.109.902338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,6]],"date-time":"2010-07-06T22:57:48Z","timestamp":1278457068000},"page":"245-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["Relationship of Intraoperative Cerebral Oxygen Saturation to Neurodevelopmental Outcome and Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 1 Year of Age in Infants Undergoing Biventricular Repair"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Barry D.","family":"Kussman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wypij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter C.","family":"Laussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet S.","family":"Soul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Bellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"DiNardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank A.","family":"Pigula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane W.","family":"Newburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Cardiology (D.W., P.C.L., J.W.N.), Neurology (J.S.S., D.C.B.), Radiology (R.R.), and Cardiovascular Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Children\u2019s Hospital Boston; the Departments of Anaesthesia (B.D.K., P.C.L., J.A.D.), Pediatrics (D.W., J.W.N.), Radiology (R.R.), and Surgery (R.A.J., F.A.P.), Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Biostatistics (D.W.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(03)00711-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2004.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.105.594804"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.07.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2006.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-005-1077-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000032908.33237.b1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000247941.41234.90"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.929199"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.02.058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.115242"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(97)70074-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.02.076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e318199dcd2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2007.01.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000180205.85490.85"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200203000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e318196ac8e"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","unstructured":"Bayley N. 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