{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:52:58Z","timestamp":1761155578064},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"21","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony may occur as a result of right ventricular (RV) pacing and is a known risk factor for the development of heart failure. In children with complete atrioventricular block, pacing-induced dyssynchrony lasting for decades might be especially deleterious for LV function. To determine the hemodynamic and ultrastructural remodeling after either RV free wall or LV apical pacing, we used a chronic minipig model.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Fourteen piglets 8 weeks of age underwent atrioventricular node ablation and were paced from either the RV free wall or the LV apex at 120 bpm for 1 year (7 age-matched minipigs served as controls with spontaneous heart rates of 104\u00b15 bpm). Echocardiographic examinations, pressure-volume loops, patch-clamp investigations, and examinations of connexin43, calcium-handling proteins, and histomorphology were carried out. RV free wall\u2013paced minipigs exhibited significantly more LV dyssynchrony than LV apex\u2013paced animals, which was accompanied by worsening of LV function (maximum LV mechanical delay\/LV ejection fraction: RV free wall pacing, 154\u00b136 ms\/28\u00b13%, LV apical pacing, 52\u00b119 ms\/45\u00b12%, control 47\u00b114 ms\/62\u00b11%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.0001). At the cellular level, both pacemaker groups exhibited a significant reduction in L-type calcium and peak sodium current, shortening of action potential duration and amplitude, increased cell capacity, and alterations in the calcium-handling proteins that were similar for RV free wall\u2013 and LV apex\u2013paced animals.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The observed molecular remodeling seemed to be more dependent on heart rate than on dyssynchrony. LV apical pacing is associated with less dyssynchrony, a more physiological LV contraction pattern, and preserved LV function as opposed to RV free wall pacing.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.111.079087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,22]],"date-time":"2012-04-22T00:35:00Z","timestamp":1335054900000},"page":"2578-2587","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Right or Left Ventricular Pacing in Young Minipigs With Chronic Atrioventricular Block"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Aida","family":"Salameh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatric Cardiology Heart Centre (A. Salameh, K.B., I.D.), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre (S.D., A.R., B.H., A.D.), and Veterinary Faculty (A. Sobiraij), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, and Kardiocentrum and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic (J.J.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Dhein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatric Cardiology Heart Centre (A. Salameh, K.B., I.D.), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre (S.D., A.R., B.H., A.D.), and Veterinary Faculty (A. Sobiraij), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, and Kardiocentrum and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic (J.J.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Blanke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatric Cardiology Heart Centre (A. Salameh, K.B., I.D.), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre (S.D., A.R., B.H., A.D.), and Veterinary Faculty (A. Sobiraij), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, and Kardiocentrum and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic (J.J.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ardawan","family":"Rastan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatric Cardiology Heart Centre (A. Salameh, K.B., I.D.), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre (S.D., A.R., B.H., A.D.), and Veterinary Faculty (A. Sobiraij), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, and Kardiocentrum and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic (J.J.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bahi","family":"Hiyasat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatric Cardiology Heart Centre (A. Salameh, K.B., I.D.), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre (S.D., A.R., B.H., A.D.), and Veterinary Faculty (A. Sobiraij), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, and Kardiocentrum and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic (J.J.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Dietze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatric Cardiology Heart Centre (A. Salameh, K.B., I.D.), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre (S.D., A.R., B.H., A.D.), and Veterinary Faculty (A. Sobiraij), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, and Kardiocentrum and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic (J.J.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Sobiraij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatric Cardiology Heart Centre (A. Salameh, K.B., I.D.), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre (S.D., A.R., B.H., A.D.), and Veterinary Faculty (A. Sobiraij), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, and Kardiocentrum and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic (J.J.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"D\u00e4hnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatric Cardiology Heart Centre (A. Salameh, K.B., I.D.), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre (S.D., A.R., B.H., A.D.), and Veterinary Faculty (A. Sobiraij), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, and Kardiocentrum and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic (J.J.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Janousek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatric Cardiology Heart Centre (A. Salameh, K.B., I.D.), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre (S.D., A.R., B.H., A.D.), and Veterinary Faculty (A. Sobiraij), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, and Kardiocentrum and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic 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