{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:38:31Z","timestamp":1790037511855,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The impact of changing demographics on causes of long-term death after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains incompletely defined.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              We evaluated trends in cause-specific long-term mortality after index PCI performed at a single center from 1991 to 2008. Deaths were ascertained by scheduled prospective surveillance. Cause was determined via telephone interviews, medical records, autopsy reports, and death certificates. Competing-risks analysis of cause-specific mortality was performed using 3 time periods of PCI (1991\u20131996, 1997\u20132002, and 2003\u20132008). Final follow-up was December 31, 2012. A total of 19 077 patients survived index PCI hospitalization, of whom 6988 subsequently died (37%, 4.48 per 100 person-years). Cause was determined in 6857 (98.1%). Across 3 time periods, there was a 33% decline in cardiac deaths at 5 years after PCI (incidence: 9.8%, 7.4%, and 6.6%) but a 57% increase in noncardiac deaths (7.1%, 8.5%, and 11.2%). Only 36.8% of deaths in the recent era were cardiac. Similar trends were observed regardless of age, extent of coronary disease, or PCI indication. After adjustment for baseline variables, there was a 50% temporal decline in cardiac mortality but no change in noncardiac mortality. The decline in cardiac mortality was driven by fewer deaths from myocardial infarction\/sudden death (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001) but not heart failure (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.85). The increase in noncardiac mortality was primarily attributable to cancer and chronic diseases (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study found a marked temporal switch from predominantly cardiac to predominantly noncardiac causes of death after PCI over 2 decades. The decline in cardiac mortality was independent of changes in baseline clinical characteristics. These findings have implications for patient care and clinical trial design.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.113.006518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,11]],"date-time":"2014-02-11T05:33:37Z","timestamp":1392096817000},"page":"1286-1294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":162,"title":["Trends in Cause of Death After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Daniel B.","family":"Spoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Psaltis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"David R.","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard J.","family":"Gersh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charanjit S.","family":"Rihal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan J.","family":"Lennon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Issam D.","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Simari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajiv","family":"Gulati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Diseases (D.B.S., P.J.P., M.S., D.R.H., B.J.G., C.S.R., R.D.S., R.G.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases (I.D.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1210816"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67222-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106213442501"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69416-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12113-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211585"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60141-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa053935"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0b013e318282ab8f"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.106.632679"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00249-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90663-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2011.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1110717"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90133-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.10.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318235eb4d"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.06.070"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.10.824"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00609-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00489-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09327-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"1383","article-title":"Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian simvastatin survival study (4s).","volume":"344","year":"1994","unstructured":"[no authors listed]. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian simvastatin survival study (4s). Lancet. 1994;344:1383\u20131389.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2012.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199408253310801"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61444-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60764-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.109.897249"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circheartfailure.107.743146"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60108-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circinterventions.109.924308"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070829"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.05.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.03.071"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006518","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T06:39:07Z","timestamp":1715582347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006518"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006518"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.113.006518","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-09-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-12-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-02-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}