{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:18:04Z","timestamp":1785403084846,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The existence of an atypical fast-slow (F\/S) atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) including a superior (sup) pathway with slow conductive properties and an atrial exit near the His bundle has not been confirmed.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We studied 6 women and 2 men (age, 74\u00b17 years) with sup-F\/S-AVNRT who underwent successful radiofrequency ablation near the His bundle. Programmed ventricular stimulation induced retrograde conduction over a superior SP with an earliest atrial activation near the His bundle, a mean shortest spike-atrial interval of 378\u00b1119 milliseconds, and decremental properties in all patients. sup-F\/S-AVNRT was characterized by a long-RP interval; a retrograde atrial activation sequence during tachycardia identical to that over a sup-SP during ventricular pacing; ventriculoatrial dissociation during ventricular overdrive pacing of the tachycardia in 5 patients or atrioventricular block occurring during tachycardia in 3 patients, excluding atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia; termination of the tachycardia by ATP; and a V-A-V activation sequence immediately after ventricular induction or entrainment of the tachycardia, including dual atrial responses in 2 patients. Elimination or modification of retrograde conduction over the sup-SP by ablation near the right perinodal region or from the noncoronary cusp of Valsalva eliminated and confirmed the diagnosis of AVNRT in 4 patients each.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>sup-F\/S-AVNRT is a distinct supraventricular tachycardia, incorporating an SP located above the Koch triangle as the retrograde limb, that can be eliminated by radiofrequency ablation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.115.018443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,6]],"date-time":"2015-11-06T04:08:35Z","timestamp":1446782915000},"page":"114-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Atypical Fast-Slow Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia Incorporating a \u201cSuperior\u201d Slow Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeto","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Okishige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itsuro","family":"Morishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Tobiume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadanobu","family":"Irie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Ota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Iijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Iizuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mio","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuntaro","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Igawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritsushi","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumio","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Kurabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan (Y.K., T.N., T.I., M.O., T.I., T.I., M.T., S.T., A.S., M.K.); Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan (S.N.); Heart Center, Yokohama-City Bay Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.O.); Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan (I.M.); Department of Cardiology, Tokushima University, Japan (T.T.); Division of Cardiology, International..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"615","volume-title":"Cardiac Electrophysiology: From Cell to Bedside","author":"Lockwood D","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lockwood D, Nakagawa H, Jackman WM. Electrophysiologic characteristics of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia: implications for reentrant circuits. In: , Zipes DP, Jalife J, eds. Cardiac Electrophysiology: From Cell to Bedside. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. 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