{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:31:26Z","timestamp":1792042286626,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lymphatic system regulates interstitial tissue fluid balance, and lymphatic malfunction causes edema. The heart has an extensive lymphatic network displaying a dynamic range of lymph flow in physiology. Myocardial edema occurs in many cardiovascular diseases, eg, myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic heart failure, suggesting that cardiac lymphatic transport may be insufficient in pathology. Here, we investigate in rats the impact of MI and subsequent chronic heart failure on the cardiac lymphatic network. Further, we evaluate for the first time the functional effects of selective therapeutic stimulation of cardiac lymphangiogenesis post-MI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We investigated cardiac lymphatic structure and function in rats with MI induced by either temporary occlusion (n=160) or permanent ligation (n=100) of the left coronary artery. Although MI induced robust, intramyocardial capillary lymphangiogenesis, adverse remodeling of epicardial precollector and collector lymphatics occurred, leading to reduced cardiac lymphatic transport capacity. Consequently, myocardial edema persisted for several months post-MI, extending from the infarct to noninfarcted myocardium. Intramyocardial-targeted delivery of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3\u2013selective designer protein VEGF-C\n                      <jats:sub>C152S<\/jats:sub>\n                      , using albumin-alginate microparticles, accelerated cardiac lymphangiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner and limited precollector remodeling post-MI. As a result, myocardial fluid balance was improved, and cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and dysfunction were attenuated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We show that, despite the endogenous cardiac lymphangiogenic response post-MI, the remodeling and dysfunction of collecting ducts contribute to the development of chronic myocardial edema and inflammation-aggravating cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. Moreover, our data reveal that therapeutic lymphangiogenesis may be a promising new approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.115.020143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T22:53:22Z","timestamp":1456872802000},"page":"1484-1497","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":368,"title":["Selective Stimulation of Cardiac Lymphangiogenesis Reduces Myocardial Edema and Fibrosis Leading to Improved Cardiac Function Following Myocardial Infarction"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Orianne","family":"Henri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Pouehe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Houssari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovic","family":"Galas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lionel","family":"Nicol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Edwards-L\u00e9vy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anais","family":"Dumesnil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00e8s","family":"Boukhalfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Banquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Schapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Thuillez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Mulder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebba","family":"Brakenhielm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Inserm (Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale) U1096, Rouen, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); Normandy University &amp; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, France (O.H., C.P., M.H., L.G., L.N., J.-P.H., A.D., I.B., S.B., D.S., C.T., V.R., P.M., E.B.); PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (L.G., D.S.); PICTUR, In Vivo Imaging Platform, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"291","article-title":"The lymphatic drainage of the human heart.","volume":"63","author":"Shore LR","year":"1929","unstructured":"Shore LR. 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