{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T07:54:44Z","timestamp":1784015684540,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"17","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>There are no data on how fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) are associated with the placebo-controlled efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in stable single-vessel coronary artery disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We report the association between prerandomization invasive physiology within ORBITA (Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation With Optimal Medical Therapy of Angioplasty in Stable Angina), a placebo-controlled trial of patients who have stable angina with angiographically severe single-vessel coronary disease clinically eligible for PCI. Patients underwent prerandomization research FFR and iFR assessment. The operator was blinded to these values. Assessment of response variables, treadmill exercise time, stress echocardiography score, symptom frequency, and angina severity were performed at prerandomization and blinded follow-up. Effects were calculated by analysis of covariance. The ability of FFR and iFR to predict placebo-controlled changes in response variables was tested by using regression modeling.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Invasive physiology data were available in 196 patients (103 PCI and 93 placebo). At prerandomization, the majority had Canadian Cardiovascular Society class II or III symptoms (150\/196, 76.5%). Mean FFR and iFR were 0.69\u00b10.16 and 0.76\u00b10.22, respectively; 97% had \u22651 positive ischemia tests. The estimated effect of PCI on between-arm prerandomization-adjusted total exercise time was 20.7 s (95% confidence interval [CI], \u20134.0 to 45.5;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.100) with no interaction of FFR (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n              =0.318) or iFR (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n              =0.523). PCI improved stress echocardiography score more than placebo (1.07 segment units; 95% CI, 0.70\u20131.44;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.00001). The placebo-controlled effect of PCI on stress echocardiography score increased progressively with decreasing FFR (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n              &lt;0.00001) and decreasing iFR (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n              &lt;0.00001). PCI did not improve angina frequency score significantly more than placebo (odds ratio, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.96\u20132.80;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.072) with no detectable evidence of interaction with FFR (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n              =0.849) or iFR (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n              =0.783). However, PCI resulted in more patient-reported freedom from angina than placebo (49.5% versus 31.5%; odds ratio, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.30\u20134.72;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.006) but neither FFR (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n              =0.693) nor iFR (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n              =0.761) modified this effect.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In patients with stable angina and severe single-vessel disease, the blinded effect of PCI was more clearly seen by stress echocardiography score and freedom from angina than change in treadmill exercise time. Moreover, the lower the FFR or iFR, the greater the magnitude of stress echocardiographic improvement caused by PCI.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              URL:\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n              . Unique identifier: NCT02062593.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.118.033801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]],"date-time":"2018-05-22T10:20:14Z","timestamp":1526984414000},"page":"1780-1792","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Fractional Flow Reserve and Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio as Predictors of the Placebo-Controlled Response to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Stable Single-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Rasha","family":"Al-Lamee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Shun-Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakim-Moulay","family":"Dehbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre, University College London (H.-M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayan","family":"Sen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukhjinder","family":"Nijjer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Petraco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (J.D., T.K., K.T.)."},{"name":"Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom (J.D., T.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Keeble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (J.D., T.K., K.T.)."},{"name":"Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom (J.D., T.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kare","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, United Kingdom (J.D., T.K., K.T.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iqbal S.","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousif","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew S.P.","family":"Sharp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Trust, United Kingdom (A.S.P.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Hastings, United Kingdom 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(R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niall G.","family":"Keenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Watford, United Kingdom (N.G.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gajen","family":"Kanaganayagam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., 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D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon A.","family":"Thom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin E.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darrel P.","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (R.A-L., J.H., M.S.-S., D.T., S.S., S.N., R.P., I.M., C.C., Y.A., G.C., R.W., J.M., S.A.T., D.P.F.)."},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (R.A.-L., J.H., M.S.-S., S.S., SN., R.P., I.M.,K C.C., Y.A., C.B., G.C., G.K., J.M., J.E.D., D.P.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199201023260102"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07298-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072771"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408758"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.978247"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.911669"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","article-title":"Protocol 15PRT\/06897: Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation with optimal medical Therapy of Angioplasty in stable angina (ORBITA trial) - NCT02062593.","author":"Al-Lamee R","year":"2016","unstructured":"Al-Lamee, R, Thompson, D, Thom, S, Wensel, R, Tang, K, Davies, J, Keeble, T, Talwar, S, Sharp, A, Gerber, RT, Davies, JE, Francis, D. Protocol 15PRT\/06897: Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation with optimal medical Therapy of Angioplasty in stable angina (ORBITA trial) - NCT02062593. The Lancet. 2016. http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/doi\/story\/10.1016\/html.2016.10.12.4214. 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Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2010."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","unstructured":"Harrell FE. rms: Regression Modeling Strategies. R package version 3.4.3. 2018. http:\/\/biostatmcvanderbiltedu\/rms. Accessed April 24 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-98141-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.118.004665"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2005.00643.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJV13I11A195"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070829"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1205361"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","unstructured":"Al-Lamee R. ORBITA: a randomized sham-controlled trial of PCI in patients with coronary artery disease. Presentation TCT 2017. 2017. https:\/\/www.tctmd.com\/slide\/orbita-randomized-sham-controlled-trial-pci-patients-coronary-artery-disease. Accessed April 24 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.08.065"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031907"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.033801","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T08:02:39Z","timestamp":1715587359000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.033801"}},"subtitle":["Physiology-Stratified Analysis of ORBITA"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.033801"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.118.033801","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}