{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:41:38Z","timestamp":1791999698842,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Canagliflozin is approved for glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes and confers cardiovascular and renal benefits. We sought to assess whether it had benefits in people with chronic kidney disease, including those with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 30 and 45 mL\/min\/1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              in whom the drug is not currently approved for use.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              The CANVAS Program randomized 10 142 participants with type 2 diabetes and eGFR &gt;30 mL\/min\/1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              to canagliflozin or placebo. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke, with other cardiovascular, renal, and safety outcomes. This secondary analysis describes outcomes in participants with and without chronic kidney disease, defined as eGFR &lt;60 and \u226560 mL\/min\/1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              , and according to baseline kidney function (eGFR &lt;45, 45 to &lt;60, 60 to &lt;90, and \u226590 mL\/min\/1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              ).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              At baseline, 2039 (20.1%) participants had an eGFR &lt;60 mL\/min\/1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              , 71.6% of whom had a history of cardiovascular disease. The effect of canagliflozin on the primary outcome was similar in people with chronic kidney disease (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.55\u20130.90) and those with preserved kidney function (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.79\u20131.07;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              heterogeneity = 0.08). Relative effects on most cardiovascular and renal outcomes were similar across eGFR subgroups, with possible heterogeneity suggested only for the outcome of fatal\/nonfatal stroke (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              heterogeneity = 0.01), as were results for almost all safety outcomes.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              The effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular and renal outcomes were not modified by baseline level of kidney function in people with type 2 diabetes and a history or high risk of cardiovascular disease down to eGFR levels of 30 mL\/min\/1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              . Reassessing current limitations on the use of canagliflozin in chronic kidney disease may allow additional individuals to benefit from this therapy.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              URL:\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n              . Unique identifiers: NCT01032629, NCT01989754.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.118.035901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,25]],"date-time":"2018-06-25T12:05:21Z","timestamp":1529928321000},"page":"1537-1550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":237,"title":["Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes With Canagliflozin According to Baseline Kidney Function"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Brendon L.","family":"Neuen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia (B.L.N., T.O., B.N., Q.L., M.J.J., V.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Ohkuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia (B.L.N., T.O., B.N., Q.L., M.J.J., V.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Neal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia (B.L.N., T.O., B.N., Q.L., M.J.J., V.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endo-crinology and Metabolism and Harris Manchester College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (D.R.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dick","family":"de Zeeuw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands (D.d.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth W.","family":"Mahaffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Center for Clinical Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (K.W.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Fulcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia (G.F., V.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehul","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ (M.D., H.D., N.R.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia (B.L.N., T.O., B.N., Q.L., M.J.J., V.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiaowei","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ (M.D., H.D., N.R.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norm","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ (M.D., H.D., N.R.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meg J.","family":"Jardine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia (B.L.N., T.O., B.N., Q.L., M.J.J., V.P.)."},{"name":"Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia (M.J.J.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Bakris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Medicine, IL (G.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vlado","family":"Perkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia (B.L.N., T.O., B.N., Q.L., M.J.J., V.P.)."},{"name":"Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia (G.F., V.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60484-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012070718"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.021887"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611925"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504720"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1515920"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10180916"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018815575273"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-015-0264-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2018.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041031"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7223.1492"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30141-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01406.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030555"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028268"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016030278"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802743"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808431"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031422"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.336"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0542"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0330"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30314-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30182-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000484633"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07680717"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","unstructured":"Boehringer Ingelheim. Boehringer Ingelheim and Lilly announce an academic collaboration with University of Oxford to investigate the effects of empagliflozin in people with chronic kidney disease. https:\/\/www.boehringer-ingelheim.com\/EMPA-KIDNEY. Accessed May 22 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.488"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.678342"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035901","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T08:01:00Z","timestamp":1715587260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035901"}},"subtitle":["Data From the CANVAS Program"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035901"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.118.035901","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-05-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-05-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}