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This is most evident in hypertension where several small interfering RNA\u2013based drugs have proven to be effective in managing high blood pressure in several clinical trials. As befits a rapidly burgeoning field, there is significant interest in other classes of RNA. Revascularization of the infarcted heart through an mRNA drug is under clinical investigation. mRNA technology may provide the platform for the expression of paracrine factors for myocardial protection and regeneration. Emergent technologies on the basis of microRNAs and gene editing are tackling complex diseases in a novel fashion. RNA-based gene editing offers hope of permanent cures for monogenic cardiovascular diseases, and long-term control of complex diseases such as essential hypertension, as well. Likewise, microRNAs are proving effective in regenerating cardiac muscle. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current landscape of RNA-based therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. The review describes the large number of RNA molecules that exist with a discussion of the clinical development of each RNA type. In addition, the review also presents a number of avenues for future development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.123.067373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T19:01:22Z","timestamp":1708974082000},"page":"707-716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["RNA Therapeutics for the Cardiovascular System"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"149","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8280-519X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victor J.","family":"Dzau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mandel Center for Hypertension and Atherosclerosis, and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.J.D., C.P.H.)."},{"name":"National Academy of Medicine, Washington, DC (V.J.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conrad 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