{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T11:50:18Z","timestamp":1794225018239,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly and Company"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Empagliflozin reduces the risk of heart failure (HF) events in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk, chronic kidney disease, or prevalent HF irrespective of ejection fraction. Whereas the EMPACT-MI trial (Effect of Empagliflozin on Hospitalization for Heart Failure and Mortality in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction) showed that empagliflozin does not reduce the risk of the composite of hospitalization for HF and all-cause death, the effect of empagliflozin on first and recurrent HF events after myocardial infarction is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>EMPACT-MI was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, event-driven trial that randomized 6522 patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction at risk for HF on the basis of newly developed left ventricular ejection fraction of &lt;45% or signs or symptoms of congestion to receive empagliflozin 10 mg daily or placebo within 14 days of admission. In prespecified secondary analyses, treatment groups were analyzed for HF outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Over a median follow-up of 17.9 months, the risk for first HF hospitalization and total HF hospitalizations was significantly lower in the empagliflozin compared with the placebo group (118 [3.6%] versus 153 [4.7%] patients with events; hazard ratio, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.60, 0.98];\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.031, for first HF hospitalization; 148 versus 207 events; rate ratio, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.51, 0.89];\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.006, for total HF hospitalizations). Subgroup analysis showed consistency of empagliflozin benefit across clinically relevant patient subgroups for first and total HF hospitalizations. The need for new use of diuretics, renin-angiotensin modulators, or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists after discharge was less in patients randomized to empagliflozin versus placebo (all\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Empagliflozin reduced the risk of HF in patients with left ventricular dysfunction or congestion after acute myocardial infarction.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>REGISTRATION:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              URL:\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n              ; Unique identifier: NCT04509674.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.124.069217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]],"date-time":"2024-04-06T09:30:20Z","timestamp":1712395820000},"page":"1627-1638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Effect of Empagliflozin on Heart Failure Outcomes After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Insights From the EMPACT-MI Trial"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"149","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04509674","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Adrian F.","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., W.S.J., J.H., R.D.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7402-9584","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jacob A.","family":"Udell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s College Hospital and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada (J.A.U.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7288-9596","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"W. Schuyler","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., W.S.J., J.H., R.D.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0805-8683","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefan D.","family":"Anker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (CVK) of German Heart Center Charit\u00e9, Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (S.D.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6333-9496","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark C.","family":"Petrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (M.C.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5169-117X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Josephine","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., W.S.J., J.H., R.D.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8611-6236","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michaela","family":"Mattheus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH &amp; Co KG, Ingelheim, Germany (M.M., S.S., I.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svenja","family":"Seide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH &amp; Co KG, Ingelheim, Germany (M.M., S.S., I.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1326-9212","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Isabella","family":"Zwiener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH &amp; Co KG, Ingelheim, Germany (M.M., S.S., I.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5624-2450","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Offer","family":"Amir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hadassah Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (O.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6179-4076","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"M. Cecilia","family":"Bahit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INECO Neurociencias Oro\u00f1o, Fundaci\u00f3n INECO, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina (M.C.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9341-117X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Johann","family":"Bauersachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Germany (J. Bauersachs)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3044-197X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Antoni","family":"Bayes-Genis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain (A.B.-G.)."},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2nomoa de Barcelona, Spain (A.B.-G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4409-9375","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yundai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9512-1718","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vijay K.","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India (V.K.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5080-6083","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gemma","family":"A. Figtree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia (G.A.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junbo","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8068-2440","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shaun","family":"G. Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (S.G.G.)."},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, St Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada (S.G.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2787-6283","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nina","family":"Gotcheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, MHAT \u201cNational Cardiology Hospital\u201d EAD, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6821-1504","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shinya","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan (S.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Gasior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany (T.G., W.J., M.B., M. Sumin)."},{"name":"Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, WSB University, Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland (T.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waheed","family":"Jamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany (T.G., W.J., M.B., M. 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Schou)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4031-3573","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dragan","family":"Simic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Clinical Center Belgrade, Serbia (D.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6896-2941","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Philippe Gabriel","family":"Steg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Cit\u00e9, FACT (French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials), INSERM U-1148, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Bichat, Paris, France (P.G.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Szachniewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jan Mikulicz\u2013Radecki University Clinical Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland (J.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9705-4413","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peter","family":"van der Meer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, the Netherlands (P.v.d.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9054-8779","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dragos","family":"Vinereanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, University and Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania (D.V.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelley","family":"Zieroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1215-0746","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Martina","family":"Brueckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany (T.G., W.J., M.B., M. 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