{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:08:42Z","timestamp":1791220122855,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>\n                <jats:bold>\n                  <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n                <\/jats:bold>\n              <\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            To test whether deficiency in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) affects atherosclerosis development, we compared lesion formation in apolipoprotein E (apoE)\/eNOS-double knockout (DKO) and apoE-knockout (KO) control animals.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>\n                <jats:bold>\n                  <jats:italic>Methods and Results<\/jats:italic>\n                <\/jats:bold>\n              <\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            After 16 weeks of \u201cWestern-type\u201d diet, apoE\/eNOS-DKO males and females showed significant increases in lesion area of 93.6% and 59.2% compared with apoE-KO mice. All apoE\/eNOS-DKO animals studied developed peripheral coronary arteriosclerosis, associated with perivascular and myocardial fibrosis, whereas none of the apoE-KO mice did. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a significantly increased left ventricular wall thickness and decreased fractional shortening in DKO animals. Mean arterial pressure was increased in DKO mice and was comparable in degree to eNOS-KO animals. Male DKO animals developed atherosclerotic abdominal aneurysms and aortic dissection.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>\n                <jats:bold>\n                  <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                <\/jats:bold>\n              <\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            eNOS deficiency increases atherosclerosis in Western-type diet-fed apoE-KO animals and introduces coronary disease and an array of cardiovascular complications, including spontaneous aortic aneurysm and dissection. This phenotype constitutes the first murine model to demonstrate distal coronary arteriosclerosis associated with evidence of myocardial ischemia, infarction, and heart failure. Hypertrophy and reduced left ventricular function cannot be explained by increased blood pressure alone, because eNOS-KO animals do not develop these complications.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/hc2901.091399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,28]],"date-time":"2007-09-28T18:31:09Z","timestamp":1191004269000},"page":"448-454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":513,"title":["Accelerated Atherosclerosis, Aortic Aneurysm Formation, and Ischemic Heart Disease in Apolipoprotein E\/Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Double-Knockout Mice"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Kuhlencordt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, and Department of Pathology (T.H.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Gyurko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, and Department of Pathology (T.H.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, and Department of Pathology (T.H.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marielle","family":"Scherrer-Crosbie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, and Department of Pathology (T.H.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas H.","family":"Aretz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, and Department of Pathology (T.H.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Hajjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, and Department of Pathology (T.H.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Picard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, and Department of Pathology (T.H.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul L.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, and Department of Pathology (T.H.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","first-page":"181","volume":"244","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ignarro LJ, Byrns RE, Buga GM, et al. Pharmacological evidence that endothelium-derived relaxing factor is nitric oxide: use of pyrogallol and superoxide dismutase to study endothelium-dependent and nitric oxide-elicited vascular smooth muscle relaxation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1988; 244: 181\u2013189.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/288373a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"109","volume":"43","year":"1991","unstructured":"Moncada S, Palmer RMJ, Higgs EA. Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. 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Cell biology and genetics of angiotensin in cardiovascular disease. J Hypertens Suppl. 1994; 12: S3\u2013S10.","journal-title":"J Hypertens Suppl"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/hc2901.091399","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T01:39:17Z","timestamp":1715650757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/hc2901.091399"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,24]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/hc2901.091399"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hc2901.091399","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2001-07-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}