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In fact, the early phase of congestive heart failure can be characterized by an increase in arterial pressure and heart rate and\/or by a diastolic dysfunction, leaving unchanged the cardiac output; in these conditions, in which no baroreceptor deactivation should occur, it is possible that cardiovascular sympathetic afferents with sensory endings in the thoracic low-pressure areas, highly responsive to volume loading, are responsible for mediating the reflex sympathetic excitation. Similarly, during acute myocardial infarction, ventricular sympathetic afferents are likely to mediate a reflex sympathetic overactivity, which is known to facilitate sudden death. Finally, numerous reports have described in essential arterial hypertension an increased sympathetic activity that may be due, at least in part, to the reinforcing action of sympathosympathetic reflexes. Thus, in pathophysiological conditions, cardiovascular sympathetic afferents would mediate a reflex sympathetic overactivity independently of baroreceptive mechanisms, and such an absence of a homeostatic purpose would provide a better rationale for some beneficial effects of therapeutic correction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/hy0102.099200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,28]],"date-time":"2002-07-28T23:16:47Z","timestamp":1027898207000},"page":"63-68","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Emerging Excitatory Role of Cardiovascular Sympathetic Afferents in Pathophysiological Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Malliani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Istituto di Scienze Biomediche, DiSP LITA di Vialba, Ospedale L. 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