{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:32:20Z","timestamp":1790112740509,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We compared patterns of blood pressure (BP) change among normotensive women, women who developed gestational hypertension or preeclampsia, and women who had essential hypertension to examine how distinct these conditions are and whether rates of BP change may help to identify women at risk for hypertensive disorders. We used antenatal clinic BP measurements (median, 14 per woman) of 13016 women from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children who had a singleton or twin live birth surviving until \u22651 year. Linear spline models were used to describe changes in systolic and diastolic BPs in different periods of pregnancy (8\u201318, 18\u201330, 30\u201336, and \u226536 weeks' gestation). Women who had essential hypertension and those who developed gestational hypertension or preeclampsia had higher BP at 8 weeks' gestation (baseline) compared with normotensive women. The decrease in BP until 18 weeks was smaller in gestational hypertensive compared with normotensive pregnancies. BP rose more rapidly from 18 weeks onward in gestational hypertensive and preeclamptic pregnancies and from 30 weeks onward in essential hypertensive compared with normotensive pregnancies. Women who developed preeclampsia had a more rapid increase in BP from 30 weeks onward than those who developed gestational hypertension or had essential hypertension. Our findings indicate notable patterns of BP change that distinguish women with essential hypertension, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia from each other and from normotensive women, even from early pregnancy. These distinct patterns may be useful for identifying women at risk of developing a hypertensive disorder later in pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.111.187039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,24]],"date-time":"2012-04-24T05:37:37Z","timestamp":1335245857000},"page":"1241-1248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Blood Pressure Change in Normotensive, Gestational Hypertensive, Preeclamptic, and Essential Hypertensive Pregnancies"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Corrie","family":"Macdonald-Wallis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine (C.M.-W., D.A.L., A.F.), and School of Social and Community Medicine (M.M., K.T.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; School of Medicine (S.M.N.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debbie A.","family":"Lawlor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine (C.M.-W., D.A.L., A.F.), and School of Social and Community Medicine (M.M., K.T.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; School of Medicine (S.M.N.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine (C.M.-W., D.A.L., A.F.), and School of Social and Community Medicine (M.M., K.T.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; School of Medicine (S.M.N.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine (C.M.-W., D.A.L., A.F.), and School of Social and Community Medicine (M.M., K.T.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; School of Medicine (S.M.N.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott M.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine (C.M.-W., D.A.L., A.F.), and School of Social and Community Medicine (M.M., K.T.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; School of Medicine (S.M.N.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Tilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine (C.M.-W., D.A.L., A.F.), and School of Social and Community Medicine (M.M., K.T.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; School of Medicine (S.M.N.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2005.tb06730.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","volume-title":"The Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health (CEMACH). Saving Mothers' Lives: Reviewing Maternal Deaths to Make Motherhood Safer-2003\u20132005. The Seventh Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom","author":"Lewis G","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lewis G, Lewis G, ed. The Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health (CEMACH). Saving Mothers' Lives: Reviewing Maternal Deaths to Make Motherhood Safer-2003\u20132005. The Seventh Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom. 2007. London: CEMACH."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60279-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.120080"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2004.00267.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199507000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10641950109152635"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"395","article-title":"Blood pressure survey in pregnancy","volume":"37","author":"MacGillivray I","year":"1969","unstructured":"MacGillivray I, Rose GA, Rowe B. Blood pressure survey in pregnancy. Clin Sci. 1969;37:395\u2013407.","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"Pregnancy, outcome as related to hypertension, edema, and proteinuria","volume":"5","author":"Friedman EA","year":"1976","unstructured":"Friedman EA, Neff RK. Pregnancy, outcome as related to hypertension, edema, and proteinuria. Perspect Nephrol Hypertens. 1976;5:13\u201322.","journal-title":"Perspect Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90010-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328349eec6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200402000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39366.416817.BE"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39540.522049.BE"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2660"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10641955.2010.484086"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(87)90347-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","first-page":"1061","article-title":"Maternal hemodynamics in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies: a longitudinal-study","volume":"76","author":"Easterling TR","year":"1990","unstructured":"Easterling TR, Benedetti TJ, Schmucker BC, Millard SP. Maternal hemodynamics in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies: a longitudinal-study. Obstet Gynecol. 1990;76:1061\u20131069.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1995.tb10879.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(96)00217-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.36.2.149"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr275"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Hypertension in Pregnancy: NICE Clinical Guideline CG107. http:\/\/guidance.nice.org.uk\/CG107. 2010. Accessed November 1 2011."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.107928"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2001.00325.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.EDE.0000042804.12056.6C"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","unstructured":"Leckie G Charlton C runmlwin: Stata module for fitting multilevel models in the MLwiN software package. Bristol United Kingdom: Centre for Multilevel Modelling University of Bristol; 2011."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.112905"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1980.131"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.936674"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009400"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.10.813"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1994.tb01085.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7394.845"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511750847.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.03.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2009.01034.x"}],"container-title":["Hypertension"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.187039","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T09:43:42Z","timestamp":1715593422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.187039"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.187039"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.111.187039","relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-911X","1524-4563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-911X","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-11-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-03-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-04-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}