{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:37:22Z","timestamp":1789141042386,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common cause of human hypertension. Somatic mutations in\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">KCNJ5<\/jats:italic>\n              ,\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CACNA1D<\/jats:italic>\n              ,\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ATP1A1<\/jats:italic>\n              , and\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ATP2B3<\/jats:italic>\n              are found in at least 80% of aldosterone-producing adenomas, which cause unilateral PA in humans. Somatic mutations have been identified infrequently in 7 other genes; few of these were known to play a role in aldosterone secretion before the discovery of their mutations. Interrogating somatic mutations in the domestic cat, in which spontaneous PA is also known to occur, might improve the understanding of normal adrenal gland physiology and the pathophysiology of PA.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>DNA and RNA extracted from tissue from 13 cats with unilateral aldosterone-secreting tumors, including 8 carcinomas and 5 adenomas, underwent whole genome sequencing, targeted Sanger sequencing, and RNA sequencing. Single-nucleotide substitution variants were filtered to select those with a predicted deleterious effect on protein function and a suspected role in aldosterone secretion.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Probable functional somatic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (n=8) were found in 3 adenomas and 2 carcinomas. Mutations with predicted significant effects were identified in 2 genes also mutated in human PA;\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">GNAQ<\/jats:italic>\n              and\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>\n              , and in a residue of\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CACNA1C<\/jats:italic>\n              analogous to a common\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CACNA1D<\/jats:italic>\n              mutation. In contrast to humans,\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CACNA1C<\/jats:italic>\n              expression was much greater than\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CACNA1D<\/jats:italic>\n              in both feline tumor and nontumor adrenal tissue. No mutations were identified in\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">KCNJ5<\/jats:italic>\n              ,\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CACNA1D<\/jats:italic>\n              ,\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ATP1A1<\/jats:italic>\n              , or\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ATP2B3.<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Similar mutations were identified in cats to those found in humans. It is, therefore, likely that both species have shared underlying selection pressures for mutations that increase aldosterone secretion.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.124.23501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T09:00:41Z","timestamp":1729501241000},"page":"2489-2500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Somatic\n            <i>GNAQ<\/i>\n            ,\n            <i>CTNNB1<\/i>\n            , and\n            <i>CACNA1C<\/i>\n            Mutations in Cat Aldosterone-Secreting Tumors"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1048-6521","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alice","family":"Watson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom (A.W., H.S.)."},{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology and 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