{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:56:58Z","timestamp":1773298618376,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Magnesium is associated with lower risk of sudden cardiac death, possibly through antiarrhythmic mechanisms. Magnesium influences endothelial function, inflammation, blood pressure, and diabetes, but a direct relation with coronary heart disease (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) risk has not been established.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We prospectively examined the association between dietary and plasma magnesium and risk of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              among women in the Nurses' Health Study. The association for magnesium intake was examined among 86\u00a0323 women free of disease in 1980. Information on magnesium intake and lifestyle factors was ascertained every 2 to 4\u00a0years through questionnaires. Through 2008, 3614 cases of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (2511 nonfatal\/1103 fatal) were documented. For plasma magnesium, we conducted a nested case\u2013control analysis, with 458 cases of incident\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (400 nonfatal\/58 fatal) matched to controls (1:1) on age, smoking, fasting status, and date of blood sampling. Higher magnesium intake was not associated with lower risk of total\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              \u2010linear trend=0.12) or nonfatal\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              \u2010linear trend=0.88) in multivariable models. However, magnesium intake was inversely associated with risk of fatal\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              . The\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              comparing quintile 5 to quintile 1 of magnesium intake was 0.61 (95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 0.45 to 0.84;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              \u2010linear trend=0.003). The association between magnesium intake and risk of fatal\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              appeared to be mediated partially by hypertension. Plasma magnesium levels above 2.0\u00a0mg\/\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dL<\/jats:styled-content>\n              were associated with lower risk of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , although not independent of other cardiovascular biomarkers (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 0.67; 95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 0.44 to 1.04).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Dietary and plasma magnesium were not associated with total\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              incidence in this population of women. Dietary magnesium intake was inversely associated with fatal\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , which may be mediated in part by hypertension.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.113.000114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,24]],"date-time":"2013-05-24T16:49:31Z","timestamp":1369414171000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Dietary and Plasma Magnesium and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among Women"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Stephanie E.","family":"Chiuve","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Arrhythmia Prevention, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"},{"name":"Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 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N.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Channing Division for Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Spiegelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter C.","family":"Willett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Channing Division for Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JoAnn 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