{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T16:30:12Z","timestamp":1789749012984,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Though vitamin C supplementation has shown no observed effects on stroke prevention in several clinical trials, uncertainty remains as to whether long\u2010term, low\u2010dose intake influences the development of stroke among general populations. Furthermore, the association between circulating vitamin C and the risk of stroke is also unclear. For further clarification of these issues, we conducted a meta\u2010analysis of prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              PubMed and\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMBASE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              databases were searched, and the bibliographies of the retrieved articles were also reviewed to identify eligible studies. Summary relative risk (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              s) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              s) were computed with a random\u2010effects model. The summary\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              for the high\u2010versus\u2010low categories was 0.81 (95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              : 0.74 to 0.90) for dietary vitamin C intake (11 studies), and 0.62 (95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              : 0.49 to 0.79) for circulating vitamin C (6 studies). The summary\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              for each 100\u00a0mg\/day increment in dietary vitamin C was 0.83 (95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              : 0.75 to 0.93) (10 studies), and for each 20\u00a0\u03bcmol\/L increment in circulating vitamin C was 0.81 (95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              : 0.75 to 0.88) (5 studies). Few studies reported results for vitamin C supplements (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              for high\u2010versus\u2010low intake=0.83, 95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              : 0.62 to 1.10, 3 studies).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">This meta\u2010analysis suggests significant inverse relationships between dietary vitamin C intake, circulating vitamin C, and risk of stroke.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.113.000329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]],"date-time":"2013-11-28T03:31:54Z","timestamp":1385609514000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Vitamin C Intake, Circulating Vitamin C and Risk of Stroke: A Meta\u2010Analysis of Prospective Studies"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Guo\u2010Chong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"},{"name":"Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da\u2010Bing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital (North Campus), Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing\u2010Fang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192667"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68069-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.027995"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-7-35"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-12-199906150-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000109673"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.125120"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6994.1563"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.10.2301"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440060059007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.601526"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.1.50"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000090458.67821.A3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/72.2.476"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2005.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.524934"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.12.1113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00210955"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000017220.78722.D7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.1.64"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.10.2287"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116237"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X0600600103"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr265"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.5.1194"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","first-page":"398","article-title":"Inverse correlation between essential antioxidants in plasma and subsequent risk to develop cancer, ischemic heart disease and stroke respectively: 12\u2010year follow\u2010up of the Prospective Basel Study","volume":"62","author":"Eichholzer M","year":"1992","unstructured":"Eichholzer M, Stahelin HB, Gey KF. Inverse correlation between essential antioxidants in plasma and subsequent risk to develop cancer, ischemic heart disease and stroke respectively: 12\u2010year follow\u2010up of the Prospective Basel Study. EXS. 1992;62:398\u2013410.","journal-title":"EXS"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/152.2.149"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92346-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612054065783"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.23.3116"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2003.10719272"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0351163"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn.83.3.567"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27491"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09328-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.15.1610"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djp037"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.600"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.171318198"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi115"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2011.649149"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000162713.06519.41"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.113.000329","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T10:01:03Z","timestamp":1715594463000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.113.000329"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.113.000329"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.113.000329","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-06-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-08-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-11-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e000329"}}