{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:54:54Z","timestamp":1787018094282,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">In an era of expanded treatment options for severe aortic stenosis, it is important to understand risk factors for the condition. It has been suggested that severe aortic stenosis is less common in African Americans, but there are limited data from large studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      The Synthetic Derivative at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, a database of over 2.1\u00a0million de\u2010identified patient records, was used to identify individuals who had undergone echocardiography. The association of race with severe aortic stenosis was examined using multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusting for conventional risk factors. Of the 272\u00a0429 eligible patients (mean age 45\u00a0years, 44% male) with echocardiography, 14% were African American and 82% were Caucasian. Severe aortic stenosis was identified in 106 (0.29%) African\u2010American patients and 2030 (0.91%) Caucasian patients (crude\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.32, 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      [0.26, 0.38]). This difference persisted in multivariable\u2010adjusted analyses (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.41 [0.33, 0.50],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.0001). African\u2010American individuals were also less likely to have severe aortic stenosis due to degenerative calcific disease (adjusted\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.47 [0.36, 0.61]) or congenitally bicuspid valve (crude\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.13 [0.02, 0.80], adjusted\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      dependent on age). Referral bias against those with severe valvular disease was assessed by comparing the prevalence of severe mitral regurgitation in Caucasians and African Americans and no difference was found.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">These findings suggest that African Americans are at significantly lower risk of developing severe aortic stenosis than Caucasians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.114.000879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,28]],"date-time":"2014-05-28T23:12:25Z","timestamp":1401318745000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Racial Differences in the Prevalence of Severe Aortic Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Devin K.","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly D.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marat","family":"Fudim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Frank E.","family":"Harrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Robbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0b013e31828124ad"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00563-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1008232"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.11.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510390045028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.89"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GIM.0b013e3181efe2df"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.10.1734"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","unstructured":"R Development Core Team . 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