{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:59:54Z","timestamp":1792166394644,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Patients with congenital heart disease (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) may be at increased risk of ischemic stroke due to residual shunts, arrhythmias, and other cardiovascular abnormalities. We studied the relative risk and potential factors for developing ischemic stroke in children and young adults with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              in Sweden.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              All patients in the Swedish Patient Register with a diagnosis of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , born between 1970 and 1993, were identified and compared with 10 controls for each patient, matched for age, sex, and county and randomly selected from the general population. Follow\u2010up data through 2011 were collected for both groups. Of 25\u00a0985 children and young adults with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (51.5% male, 48.5% female), 140 (0.5%) developed ischemic stroke. The hazard ratio for\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              patients developing ischemic stroke was 10.8 (95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 8.5\u201313.6) versus controls. All major Marelli groups had significantly increased risk, but because of small\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              \u2010group sizes, only atrial septal defect\/patent foramen ovale, double\u2010inlet ventricle, and aortic coarctation displayed significantly increased risk. In multivariate analysis of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              patients, congestive heart failure carried the highest risk for developing ischemic stroke (hazard ratio 6.9 [95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 4.7\u201310.3]), followed by hypertension and atrial fibrillation, which were also significantly associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              The risk of developing ischemic stroke was almost 11 times higher in young patients with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              than in the general population, although absolute risk is low. Cardiovascular comorbidities were strongly associated with the development of ischemic stroke in young\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              patients.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.115.003071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,24]],"date-time":"2016-02-24T04:38:50Z","timestamp":1456288730000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Ischemic Stroke in Children and Young Adults With Congenital Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Zacharias","family":"Mandalenakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine\/Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Rosengren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine\/Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Lappas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine\/Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine\/Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per\u2010Olof","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine\/Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Dellborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine\/Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2009.73"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.001170"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22539"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-014-0315-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302543"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22224"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23574"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.007218"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2012.00925.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1459"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","first-page":"384","article-title":"Cerebral lesions in congenital heart disease, a review of autopsies on 162 cases","volume":"89","author":"Berthrong M","year":"1951","unstructured":"Berthrong M, Sabiston DC Jr. Cerebral lesions in congenital heart disease, a review of autopsies on 162 cases. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1951;89:384\u2013406.","journal-title":"Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(73)80142-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.87.6.1954"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0768"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2010.196147"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2261-14-38"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.524371"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198805053181802"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.627224"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2012.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408214"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi396"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.866319"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-450"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.01.080"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.03.030"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.115.003071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T10:26:23Z","timestamp":1715595983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.115.003071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.115.003071"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.115.003071","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-12-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-01-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-02-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e003071"}}