{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T23:03:11Z","timestamp":1772665391355,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              The goal of this study was to compare the safety and effectiveness of individual antiembolic interventions in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ): novel oral anticoagulants (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n              s) (apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban); vitamin K antagonists (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VKA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ); aspirin; and the Watchman device.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              A network meta\u2010analysis of randomized, clinical trials (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              s) was performed.\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              s that included patients with prosthetic cardiac valves or mitral stenosis, mean or median follow\u2010up &lt;6\u00a0months, &lt;200 participants, without published report in English language, and\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n              phase\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>\n              studies were excluded. The placebo\/control arm received either placebo or no treatment. The primary efficacy outcome was the combination of stroke (of any type) and systemic embolism. All\u2010cause mortality served as a secondary efficacy outcome. The primary safety outcome was the combination of major extracranial bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage. A total of 21\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              s (96\u00a0017 nonvalvular\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              patients; median age, 72\u00a0years; 65% males; median follow\u2010up, 1.7\u00a0years) were included. In comparison to placebo\/control, use of aspirin (odds ratio [\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ], 0.75 [95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 0.60\u20130.95]),\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VKA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (0.38 [0.29\u20130.49]), apixaban (0.31 [0.22\u20130.45]), dabigatran (0.29 [0.20\u20130.43]), edoxaban (0.38 [0.26\u20130.54]), rivaroxaban (0.27 [0.18\u20130.42]), and the Watchman device (0.36 [0.16\u20130.80]) significantly reduced the risk of any stroke or systemic embolism in nonvalvular\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              patients, as well as all\u2010cause mortality (aspirin:\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 0.82 [0.68\u20130.99];\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VKA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              : 0.69 [0.57\u20130.85]; apixaban: 0.62 [0.50\u20130.78]; dabigatran: 0.62 [0.50\u20130.78]; edoxaban: 0.62 [0.50\u20130.77]; rivaroxaban: 0.58 [0.44\u20130.77]; and the Watchman device: 0.47 [0.25\u20130.88]). Apixaban (0.89 [0.80\u20130.99]), dabigatran (0.90 [0.82\u20130.99]), and edoxaban (0.89 [0.82\u20130.96]) reduced risk of all\u2010cause death as compared to\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VKA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              .\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              The entire spectrum of therapy to prevent thromboembolism in nonvalvular\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              significantly reduced stroke\/systemic embolism events and mortality.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.116.003206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,23]],"date-time":"2016-05-23T18:19:09Z","timestamp":1464027549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Comparative Effectiveness of Interventions for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation: A Network Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Larisa G.","family":"Tereshchenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Henrikson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joaquin","family":"Cigarroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan S.","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry and The Arrhythmia Institute of The Valley Health System, New York, NY"},{"name":"University of Rochester School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry and The Arrhythmia Institute of The Valley Health System, Ridgewood, NJ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.002329"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs435"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0000000000000041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-301841"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.4369"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61343-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62343-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-12-200706190-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-307489"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.115.002993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2015.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH12-02-0093"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.11.181"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"112","article-title":"Correspondence Reply to Dr G. Hart and Dr O. Benavente (University of Texas)","volume":"153","author":"Diener CH","year":"1997","unstructured":"Diener CH, Lowenthal A. Correspondence Reply to Dr G. Hart and Dr O. Benavente (University of Texas). J Neurol Sci. 1997;153:112.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(99)70259-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076654"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d549"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti517"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021394316112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007432"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1310907"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-12-0454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009638"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0905561"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)91200-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199008163230712"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199011293232201"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.2.527"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(91)90585-W"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199211123272002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92358-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","first-page":"687","article-title":"Warfarin versus aspirin for prevention of thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation: Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation II Study","volume":"343","author":"Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation I","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation I . Warfarin versus aspirin for prevention of thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation: Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation II Study. Lancet. 1994;343:687\u2013691.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000109040"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03487-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.14.1513"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7215.958"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01159.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000198839.61112.ee"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68845-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv730"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.116.003206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T10:20:22Z","timestamp":1715595622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.116.003206"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.116.003206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.116.003206","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-01-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-04-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-05-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e003206"}}