{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T21:33:10Z","timestamp":1792359190157,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Sex and race have emerged as important contributors to the phenotypic heterogeneity of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, there remains a need to identify important sex\u2010 and race\u2010related differences in characteristics and outcomes using a nationally representative cohort.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Data were obtained from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project\u2014Nationwide Inpatient Sample files between 2008 and 2012. Hospitalizations with a diagnosis of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              p\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              were included for analysis. Demographics, hospital characteristics, and age\u2010adjusted comorbidity prevalence rates were compared between men and women and whites and blacks. In\u2010hospital mortality was determined and compared for each subgroup. Multivariable regression analyses were used to identify and compare correlates of in\u2010hospital mortality for each subgroup. A sample of 1\u00a0889\u00a0608 hospitalizations was analyzed. Men with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              p\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              were slightly younger than women with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              p\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              and had a higher Elixhauser comorbidity score. Men experienced higher in\u2010hospital mortality compared with women, a finding that was attenuated after adjusting for comorbidity. Blacks with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              p\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              were younger than whites with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              p\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , with lower rates of most comorbidities. Hypertension, diabetes, anemia, and chronic renal failure were more common among blacks. Blacks experienced lower in\u2010hospital mortality compared with whites, even after adjusting for age and comorbidity. Important correlates of mortality among all 4 subgroups included pulmonary circulation disorders, liver disease, and chronic renal failure. Atrial fibrillation was an important correlate of mortality only among women and blacks.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Differences in patient characteristics and outcomes reinforce the notion that sex and race contribute to the phenotypic heterogeneity of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              p\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              .\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.116.003330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,30]],"date-time":"2017-03-30T00:40:25Z","timestamp":1490834425000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Sex\u2010 and Race\u2010Related Differences in Characteristics and Outcomes of Hospitalizations for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Parag","family":"Goyal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology\/Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluative Sciences Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology\/Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaid I.","family":"Almarzooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janey 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