{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T14:45:25Z","timestamp":1792248325651,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Cerebral microbleeds (\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) represent intracerebral hemorrhages due to amyloid angiopathy or exposure to modifiable risk factors. Few community\u2010based stroke\u2010free studies including blacks and Hispanics have been done.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The Northern Manhattan Study (\n NOMAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is a stroke\u2010free, racially and ethnically diverse cohort study. Brain\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n was performed in 1290 participants, 925 of whom had available T2* gradient\u2010recall echo data. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association of sociodemographics, vascular risk factors, apolipoprotein E (\n APOE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) genotype, and brain\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n markers with\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n presence and location. The prevalence of\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n s in our cohort was 5%. Of the 46 participants with\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n s, 37% had only deep\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n s, 48% had only lobar\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n s, and 15% had\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n s in both locations. The difference in\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n distribution was not statistically significant across race\/ethnic group or\n APOE<\/jats:styled-content>\n genotype. In multivariable analyses, age (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n [95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ]: 1.09 [1.04, 1.15]) and\n SBI<\/jats:styled-content>\n s (2.58 [1.01, 6.59]) were positively associated with\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n presence, and diabetes medication use was negatively associated (0.25 [0.07, 0.86]).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n s may represent the severity of vascular disease in this racially and ethnically diverse cohort. Larger studies are needed to elucidate the association between diabetes medication use and\n CMB<\/jats:styled-content>\n presence.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.116.003477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,17]],"date-time":"2016-09-17T01:10:39Z","timestamp":1474074639000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Cerebral Microbleeds, Vascular Risk Factors, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Markers: The Northern Manhattan Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Michelle R.","family":"Caunca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute and the Neuroscience Program, University of Miami, Miami, FL"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Del Brutto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Gardener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute and the Neuroscience Program, University of Miami, Miami, FL"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirav","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelly","family":"Dequatre\u2010Ponchelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, CHU Lille, U 1171, Degenerative & Vascular Cognitive Disorders, University of Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying Kuen","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell S. V.","family":"Elkind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Truman R.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Cordonnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, CHU Lille, U 1171, Degenerative & Vascular Cognitive Disorders, University of Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph L.","family":"Sacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute and the Neuroscience Program, University of Miami, Miami, FL"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL"},{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clinton B.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute and the Neuroscience Program, University of Miami, Miami, FL"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.595181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.004130"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2014.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000436609.20587.65"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182452928"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318232ab1d"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2009.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.754"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"637","article-title":"Histopathologic analysis of foci of signal loss on gradient\u2010echo T2*\u2010weighted MR images in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: evidence of microangiopathy\u2010related microbleeds","volume":"20","author":"Fazekas F","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fazekas F, Kleinert R, Roob G, Kleinert G, Kappeler P, Schmidt R, Hartung H\u2010P. 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