{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T09:40:51Z","timestamp":1790502051285,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Recent studies have shown improving survival after cardiac arrest. However, data regarding sex\u2010based disparities in treatment and outcomes after cardiac arrest are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n                      We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients suffering cardiac arrest between 2003 and 2012 using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. Annual rates of cardiac arrest, rates of utilization of coronary angiography\/percutaneous coronary interventions\/targeted temperature management, and sex\u2010based outcomes after cardiac arrest were examined. Among a total of 1\u00a0436\u00a0052 discharge records analyzed for cardiac arrest patients, 45.4% (n=651\u00a0745) were females. Women were less likely to present with ventricular tachycardia\/ventricular fibrillation arrests compared with men throughout the study period. The annual rates of cardiac arrests have increased from 2003 to 2012 by 14.0% (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>trend<\/jats:sub>\n                      &lt;0.001) and ventricular tachycardia\/ventricular fibrillation arrests have increased by 25.9% (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>trend<\/jats:sub>\n                      &lt;0.001). Women were less likely to undergo coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary interventions, or targeted temperature management in both ventricular tachycardia\/ventricular fibrillation and pulseless electrical activity\/asystole arrests. Over a 10\u2010year study period, there was a significant decrease in in\u2010hospital mortality in women (from 69.1% to 60.9%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>trend<\/jats:sub>\n                      &lt;0.001) and men (from 67.2% to 58.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>trend<\/jats:sub>\n                      &lt;0.001) after cardiac arrest. In\u2010hospital mortality was significantly higher in women compared with men (64.0% versus 61.4%; adjusted odds ratio 1.02,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), particularly in the ventricular tachycardia\/ventricular fibrillation arrest cohort (49.4% versus 45.6%; adjusted odds ratio 1.11,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Women presenting with cardiac arrests are less likely to undergo therapeutic procedures, including coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary interventions, and targeted temperature management. Despite trends in improving survival after cardiac arrest over 10\u00a0years, women continue to have higher in\u2010hospital mortality when compared with men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.116.003704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,22]],"date-time":"2016-06-22T23:43:58Z","timestamp":1466639038000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Sex\u2010Based Disparities in Incidence, Treatment, and Outcomes of Cardiac Arrest in the United States, 2003\u20132012"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Luke K.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Looser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh V.","family":"Swaminathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Horowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oren","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hae","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Minutello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harsimran","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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