{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T01:10:47Z","timestamp":1790471447873,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Visit\u2010to\u2010visit variability of systolic blood pressure (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) has been shown to contribute to cardiovascular events and all\u2010cause mortality. However, little is known about its long\u2010term effect on renal function. We aim to examine the relationship between visit\u2010to\u2010visit blood pressure variability (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) and decline in renal function in patients with hypertension and to determine the level of systolic\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              that is associated with significant renal function decline.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              This is a 15\u2010year retrospective cohort study of 825 hypertensive patients. Blood pressure readings every 3\u00a0months were retrieved from the 15\u00a0years of clinic visits. We used\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              and coefficient of variation as a measure of systolic\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              . Serum creatinine was captured and estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated at baseline, 5, 10, and 15 years. The mean\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              was 14.2\u00b13.1\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg and coefficient of variation of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              was 10.2\u00b12%. Mean for estimated glomerular filtration rate slope was \u22121.0\u00b11.5\u00a0mL\/min per 1.73\u00a0m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              per year. There was a significant relationship between\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              and slope of estimated glomerular filtration rate (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              :\n              <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n              =\u22120.16,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001; coefficient of variation:\n              <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n              =\u22120.14,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001, Pearson's correlation).\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              for each individual was significantly associated with slope of estimated glomerular filtration rate after adjustment for mean\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              and other confounders. The cutoff values estimated by the receiver operating characteristic curve for the onset of chronic kidney disease for\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              was 13.5\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg and coefficient of variation of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              was 9.74%.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Long\u2010term visit\u2010to\u2010visit variability of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n              is an independent determinant of renal deterioration in patients with hypertension. Hence, every effort should be made to reduce\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              in order to slow down the decline of renal function.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.116.003825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,8]],"date-time":"2016-11-08T03:43:49Z","timestamp":1478576629000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Long\u2010Term Visit\u2010to\u2010Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Renal Function Decline in Patients With Hypertension Over 15\u00a0Years"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Yook Chin","family":"Chia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"},{"name":"Sunway lnstitute for Healthcare Development, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hooi Min","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siew Mooi","family":"Ching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia"},{"name":"Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60178-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199601043340103"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.8.923"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.09910.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-13-173"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60308-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2014.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2803"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2012.145"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-007324"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.284427"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.06511208"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07650711"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-13-61"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-007571"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease","volume":"2013","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. 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