{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:48:36Z","timestamp":1789778916730,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Transient ischemic attack (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) is a major predictor of subsequent stroke. No study has assessed nation\u2010wide trends in hospitalization for\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              in the United States.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Temporal trends in hospitalization for\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 435.0\u2013435.9) from 2000 to 2010 were assessed among adults aged \u226525\u00a0years using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Age\u2010, sex\u2010, and race\/ethnic\u2010specific\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              hospitalization rates were calculated using the weighted number of hospitalizations as the numerator and the\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>\n              population as the denominator. Age\u2010adjusted rates were standardized to the 2000\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>\n              Census population. From 2000 to 2010, age\u2010adjusted\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              hospitalization rates decreased from 118 to 83 per 100\u00a0000 (overall rate reduction, \u221229.7%). Age\u2010specific\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              hospitalization rates increased for individuals aged 24 to 44\u00a0years (10\u201311 per 100\u00a0000), but decreased for individuals aged 45 to 64\u00a0(74 to 65 per 100\u00a0000), 65 to 84 (398 to 245 per 100\u00a0000), and \u226585\u00a0years (900 to 619 per 100\u00a0000). Blacks had the highest age\u2010adjusted yearly hospitalization rates, followed by Hispanics and whites (124, 82, and 67 per 100\u00a0000 in 2010). Rates slightly increased for blacks, but decreased for Hispanics and whites. Compared to women, age\u2010adjusted\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              hospitalization rates were lower and declined more steeply in men (132 to 89 per 100\u00a0000 versus 134 to 97 per 100\u00a0000).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Although overall\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              hospitalizations have decreased in the United States, the reduction has been more pronounced among older individuals, men, whites, and Hispanics. These findings highlight the need to target risk\u2010factor control among women, blacks, and individuals aged &lt;45\u00a0years.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.116.004026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,25]],"date-time":"2016-09-25T00:18:43Z","timestamp":1474762723000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Trends in Transient Ischemic Attack Hospitalizations in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Lucas","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"May A.","family":"Kim\u2010Tenser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Roxanna Todd Hodges Comprehensive Stroke Clinic, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nerses","family":"Sanossian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Roxanna Todd Hodges Comprehensive Stroke Clinic, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, Downey, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Cen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Roxanna Todd Hodges Comprehensive Stroke Clinic, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Roxanna Todd Hodges Comprehensive Stroke Clinic, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amytis","family":"Towfighi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, Downey, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.585455"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.571828"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.621904"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2011.00590.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","volume-title":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP): Nationwide Inpatient Sample\u00a0(NIS)","year":"2000","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP): Nationwide Inpatient Sample\u00a0(NIS). 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