{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:21:42Z","timestamp":1791346902402,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Compared to uninfected adults,\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010infected adults on antiretroviral therapy are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Given the increase in T\u2010cell dysfunction, inflammation, and coagulation in\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n infection, microvascular dysfunction is thought to contribute to this excess cardiovascular risk. However, the relationships between these variables remain undefined.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n \n This was a cross\u2010sectional study of 358\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010infected adults from the\n SCOPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n cohort. Macrovascular endothelial function was assessed using flow\u2010mediated dilation of the brachial artery and microvascular function by reactive hyperemia. T\u2010cell phenotype was determined by flow cytometry. Plasma markers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, interleukin\u20106, high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein,\n sCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 14) and coagulation (fibrinogen, D\u2010dimer) were also measured. In all\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n + subjects, markers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein), coagulation (D\u2010dimer) and T\u2010cell activation (\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8+\n PD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1+,\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+interferon+cytomegalovirus\u2010specific) were associated with worse reactive hyperemia after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and co\u2010infections. In treated and suppressed subjects, tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 and\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8+\n PD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1+ cells remained associated with worse reactive hyperemia after adjustment. Compared to the untreated subjects,\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8+\n PD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1+ cells were increased in the virally suppressed group. Reactive hyperemia was predictive of flow\u2010mediated dilation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8+\n PD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1+ cells and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 were associated with microvascular dysfunction in all\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n + subjects and the treated and suppressed group. Additionally, D\u2010dimer, high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein,\n sCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201014, and interleukin\u20106 were associated with microvascular dysfunction in all\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n + subjects. Although T\u2010cell dysfunction, inflammation, and microvascular dysfunction are thought to play a role in cardiovascular disease in\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n , this study is the first to look at which T\u2010cell and inflammatory markers are associated with microvascular dysfunction in\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010infected individuals.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.116.004243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]],"date-time":"2016-12-21T01:40:28Z","timestamp":1482284428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Role of T\u2010Cell Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Coagulation in Microvascular Disease in HIV"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Arjun","family":"Sinha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Scherzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Hur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Ganz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven G.","family":"Deeks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco General Hospital","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscilla Y.","family":"Hsue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California","place":["San Francisco"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328339192f","article-title":"Increased risk of myocardial infarction in HIV\u2010infected patients in France, relative to the general population","volume":"24","author":"Lang S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lang S, Mary\u2010Krause M, Cotte L, Gilquin J, Partisani M, Simon A, Boccara F, Bingham A, Costagliola D; French Hospital Database on HIV\u2010ANRS CO4 . 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