{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T15:24:08Z","timestamp":1789831448509,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              ECG left ventricular hypertrophy (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) is a well\u2010known predictor of cardiovascular disease. However, no prior study has characterized patterns of presence\/absence of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (\u201c\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              trajectories\u201d) across the adult lifespan in both sexes and across ethnicities. We examined: (1) correlates of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              trajectories; (2) the association of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              trajectories with incident coronary heart disease, transient ischemic attack, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and heart failure; and (3) reclassification of cardiovascular disease risk using\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              trajectories.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We performed a cohort study among 75\u00a0412 men and 107\u00a0954 women in the Northern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program who had available longitudinal exposures of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              and covariates, followed for a median of 4.8 (range &lt;1\u20139.3) years.\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              was measured by Cornell voltage\u2010duration product. Adverse trajectories of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (persistent, new development, or variable pattern) were more common among blacks and Native American men and were independently related to incident cardiovascular disease with hazard ratios ranging from 1.2 for\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              variable pattern and transient ischemic attack in women to 2.8 for persistent\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              and heart failure in men.\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              trajectories reclassified 4% and 7% of men and women with intermediate coronary heart disease risk, respectively.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG LVH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              trajectories were significant indicators of coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure risk, independently of level and change in cardiovascular disease risk factors, and may have clinical utility.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.116.004954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,6]],"date-time":"2017-10-06T00:10:26Z","timestamp":1507248626000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Cohort Study of ECG Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Trajectories: Ethnic Disparities, Associations With Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Clinical Utility"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"Iribarren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of 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