{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T16:51:16Z","timestamp":1769014276978,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n The biphasic inflammation after\n ST<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010segment elevation myocardial infarction (\n STEMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) plays an important role in myocardial healing and progression of systemic atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of fever during the first and second phases of post\u2010\n STEMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n inflammation on long\u2010term cardiac outcomes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 550 patients with\n STEMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n were enrolled in this study. Axillary body temperature (\n BT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) was measured and maximum\n BT<\/jats:styled-content>\n s were determined for the first (within 3\u00a0days: max\u2010\n BT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1\u20133d<\/jats:sub>\n ) and second (from 4 to 10\u00a0days after admission: max\u2010\n BT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\u201310d<\/jats:sub>\n ) phases, respectively. Patients were followed for cardiac events (cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, and rehospitalization for heart failure) for a median 5.3\u00a0years. During the follow\u2010up period, 80 patients experienced cardiac events. A high max\u2010\n BT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\u201310d<\/jats:sub>\n was strongly associated with long\u2010term cardiac events (hazard ratio, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) for a 1\u00b0C increase in the max\u2010\n BT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\u201310d<\/jats:sub>\n : 2.834 (2.017\u20133.828),\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.0001, whereas the max\u2010\n BT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1\u20133d<\/jats:sub>\n was not associated with cardiac events (1.136 [0.731\u20131.742],\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =0.57). Even after adjustment for coronary risk factors, estimated glomerular filtration rate, infarct size, pericardial effusion, and medications on discharge, fever during the second phase (max\u2010\n BT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\u201310d<\/jats:sub>\n \u226537.1\u00b0C) was significantly associated with future cardiac events (hazard ratio [95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ] 2.900 [1.710\u20135.143],\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.0001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Fever during the second phase but not the first phase of post\u2010\n STEMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n inflammation was a strong associated factor with worse long\u2010term cardiac outcomes in patients after\n STEMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n , suggesting the need to consider the optimal timing for anti\u2010inflammatory strategies after\n STEMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.116.005463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,23]],"date-time":"2017-07-23T00:10:19Z","timestamp":1500768619000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Prolonged Fever After ST\u2010Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Long\u2010Term Cardiac Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Chika","family":"Kawashima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Matsuzawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eiichi","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Konishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsutaka","family":"Hashiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Ebina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masami","family":"Kosuge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Hibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kengo","family":"Tsukahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriaki","family":"Iwahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuhiko","family":"Maejima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Sakamaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Umemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kouichi","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2014.28"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.916346"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11260"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.31.1101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"1086","volume-title":"Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine","author":"Mann DL","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, 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