{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T12:35:50Z","timestamp":1772627750976,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Sleep disordered breathing in children is associated with increased blood flow velocity and sympathetic overactivity. Sympathetic overactivity results in peripheral vasoconstriction and reduced systemic vascular compliance, which increases blood flow velocity during systole. Augmented blood flow velocity is recognized to promote vascular remodeling. Importantly, increased vascular sympathetic nerve fiber density and innervation in early life plays a key role in the development of early\u2010onset hypertension in animal models. Examination of sympathetic nerve fiber density of the tonsillar arteries in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy for Sleep disordered breathing will address this question in humans.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Thirteen children scheduled for adenotonsillectomy to treat sleep disordered breathing underwent pupillometry, polysomnography, flow\u2010mediated dilation, resting brachial artery blood flow velocity (velocity time integral), and platelet aggregation. The dorsal lingual artery (tonsil) was stained and immunofluorescence techniques used to determine sympathetic nerve fiber density. Sympathetic nerve fiber density was correlated with increased resting velocity time integral (\n              <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.63;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05) and a lower Neuronal Pupillary Index (\n              <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n              =\u22120.71,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.01), as well as a slower mean pupillary constriction velocity (mean,\n              <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n              =\u22120.64;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05). A faster resting velocity time integral was associated with a slower peak pupillary constriction velocity (\n              <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n              =\u22120.77;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.01) and higher platelet aggregation to collagen antigen (\n              <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.64;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05). Slower mean and peak pupillary constriction velocity were associated with higher platelet aggregation scores (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.01, respectively).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">These results indicate that sympathetic activity is associated with change in both the function and structure of systemic vasculature in children with sleep disordered breathing.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.117.006137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]],"date-time":"2017-07-18T00:10:31Z","timestamp":1500336631000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Relationship between Vascular Resistance and Sympathetic Nerve Fiber Density in Arterial Vessels in Children With Sleep Disordered Breathing"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Kontos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Robinson's Research Institute, School of Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Lushington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robinson's Research Institute, School of Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quenten","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wabnitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangjun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"M. Sokoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Willoughby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Baumert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Ferrante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robinson's Research Institute, School of Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology SA Pathology, Schools of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"La Forgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Declan","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robinson's Research Institute, School of Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.29.839"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-0582201432215513"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2007.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118235"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.6.747"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000222748.37078.2d"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.099762"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.14.1829"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2012.00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2013.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.1.2009062"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","first-page":"79","article-title":"Why study sympathetic nervous system?","volume":"57","author":"Sinski M","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sinski M, Lewandowski J, Abramczyk P, Narkiewicz K, Gaciong Z. 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