{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T09:06:00Z","timestamp":1785575160484,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"17","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Dietary micronutrient deficiencies have been shown to predict event\u2010free survival in other countries but have not been examined in patients with heart failure living in the United States. The purpose of this study was to determine whether number of dietary micronutrient deficiencies in patients with heart failure was associated with shorter event\u2010free survival, defined as a combined end point of all\u2010cause hospitalization and death.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Four\u2010day food diaries were collected from 246 patients with heart failure (age: 61.5\u00b112\u00a0years; 67% male; 73% white; 45% New York Heart Association [NYHA] class\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content>\n              \/\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) and analyzed using Nutrition Data Systems for Research. Micronutrient deficiencies were determined according to methods recommended by the Institute of Medicine. Patients were followed for 1\u00a0year to collect data on all\u2010cause hospitalization or death. Patients were divided according to number of dietary micronutrient deficiencies at a cut point of \u22657 for the\n              <jats:italic>high deficiency<\/jats:italic>\n              category versus &lt;7 for the\n              <jats:italic>no to moderate deficiency<\/jats:italic>\n              category. In the full sample, 29.8% of patients experienced hospitalization or death during the year, including 44.3% in the high\u2010deficiency group and 25.1% in the no\/moderate group. The difference in survival distribution was significant (log rank,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.0065). In a Cox regression, micronutrient deficiency category predicted time to event with depression,\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NYHA<\/jats:styled-content>\n              classification, comorbidity burden, body mass index, calorie and sodium intake, and prescribed angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors, diuretics, or \u03b2\u2010blockers included as covariates.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">This study provides additional convincing evidence that diet quality of patients with heart failure plays an important role in heart failure outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.117.007251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,17]],"date-time":"2018-09-17T18:20:49Z","timestamp":1537208449000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Micronutrient Deficiency Independently Predicts Time to Event in Patients With Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Terry A.","family":"Lennie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing University of Kentucky Lexington KY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Andreae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nursing Science Department of Medical and Health Sciences Link\u00f6ping University Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Kay","family":"Rayens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing University of Kentucky Lexington KY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Kyeung","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing College of Medicine University of Ulsan Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra B.","family":"Dunbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan J.","family":"Pressler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University Indianapolis IN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seongkum","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JinShil","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gachon University College of Nursing Incheon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra K.","family":"Moser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing University of Kentucky Lexington KY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft097"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192064"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00957-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2015.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000071246"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JCN.0000317433.52210.e0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2008.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-009-1139-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","first-page":"541","article-title":"Nutritional status and adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes among heart failure patients","volume":"93","author":"Lourenco BH","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lourenco BH, Vieira LP, Macedo A, Nakasato M, Marucci Mde F, Bocchi EA. 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