{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T01:09:57Z","timestamp":1790039397634,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,2]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Percutaneous edge\u2010to\u2010edge mitral valve repair (\n PMVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) has become an established treatment option for mitral regurgitation in patients not eligible for surgical repair. Currently, most procedures are performed under general anesthesia (\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). An increasing number of centers, however, are performing the procedure under deep sedation (\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Here, we compared patients undergoing\n PMVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n with\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n or\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 271 consecutive patients underwent\n PMVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n at our institution between May 2014 and December 2016. Seventy\u2010two procedures were performed under\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n and 199 procedures under\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . We observed that in the\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n group, doses of propofol (743\u00b1228\u00a0mg for\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n versus 369\u00b1230\u00a0mg for\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001) and norepinephrine (1.1\u00b11.6\u00a0mg for\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n versus 0.2\u00b10.3\u00a0mg for\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001) were significantly lower. Procedure time, fluoroscopy time, and dose area product were significantly higher in the\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n group. There was no significant difference between\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n with respect to overall bleeding complications, postinterventional pneumonia (4% for\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n versus 5% for\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), or C\u2010reactive protein levels (361\u00b1351\u00a0nmol\/L for\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n versus 278\u00b1239\u00a0nmol\/L for DS). Significantly fewer patients with DS needed a postinterventional stay in the intensive care unit (96% for\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n versus 19% for\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001). Importantly, there was no significant difference between\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n regarding intrahospital or 6\u2010month mortality.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n for\n PMVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n is safe and feasible. No disadvantages with respect to procedural outcome or complications in comparison to\n GA<\/jats:styled-content>\n were observed. Applying\n DS<\/jats:styled-content>\n may simplify the\n PMVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n procedure.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.117.007485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,3]],"date-time":"2017-12-03T01:10:14Z","timestamp":1512263414000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Comparison of Deep Sedation With General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Johannes","family":"Patzelt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Ulrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Magunia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhard","family":"Sauter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Droppa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rezo","family":"Jorbenadze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika S.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph Stephan","family":"von Bardeleben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Grasshoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rosenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meinrad","family":"Gawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Seizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald F.","family":"Langer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.161"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-013-0614-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00558-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2015.07.078"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-9784.124126"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986711795656081"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","first-page":"829151","article-title":"Depth of anesthesia as a risk factor for perioperative morbidity","volume":"2015","author":"Petsiti A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Petsiti A, Tassoudis V, Vretzakis G, Zacharoulis D, Tepetes K, Ganeli G, Karanikolas M. 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Anesthesiol Res Pract. 2015;2015:829151.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Res Pract"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJV8I5A90"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.22415"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2015.09.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.12.190"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.01.039"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw353"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e318296aeca"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2016.06.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezt321"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.25347"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009355"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.26884"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-015-0918-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-015-0951-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2015.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","first-page":"327","article-title":"Catecholamines, steroids and immune alterations in ischemic stroke and other acute diseases","volume":"5","author":"Schulze J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schulze J, Vogelgesang A, Dressel A. Catecholamines, steroids and immune alterations in ischemic stroke and other acute diseases. Aging Dis. 2014;5:327\u2013339.","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.25570"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.117.007485","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T11:45:20Z","timestamp":1715600720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.117.007485"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,2]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.117.007485"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.117.007485","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-09-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-09-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-12-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e007485"}}