{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:40:37Z","timestamp":1793302837062,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Global longitudinal strain (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content>), reflecting total shortening of the myocardium during the cardiac cycle, has emerged as a more precise myocardial function measure than left ventricular ejection fraction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>). Longitudinal strain may be selectively affected in subclinical heart disease, even in the presence of normal<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>. This study examines subclinical cardiac dysfunction, assessed by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>, and cognition among older adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\"><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Vanderbilt Memory and Aging Project participants who were free of clinical dementia, stroke, and heart failure (n=318, 73\u00b17\u00a0years, 58% male) completed neuropsychological assessment and cardiac magnetic resonance to quantify<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>. Linear regression models related<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>to neuropsychological performances, adjusting for age, sex, race\/ethnicity, education, Framingham Stroke Risk Profile, cognitive diagnosis, and<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APOE<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>*\u03b54 status. Models were repeated with a cardiac\u00d7cognitive diagnosis interaction term. Compromised<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content>(reflected by higher values) related to worse naming (\u03b2=\u22120.07,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.04), visuospatial immediate recall (\u03b2=\u22120.83,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.03), visuospatial delayed recall (\u03b2=\u22120.22,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.03), and verbal delayed recall (\u03b2=\u22120.11,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.007).<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>did not relate to worse performance on any measure (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&gt;0.18). No diagnostic interactions were observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Our study results are among the first to suggest that compromised<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content>relates to worse episodic memory and language performance among older adults who are free of clinical dementia, stroke, and heart failure. Subclinical cardiac dysfunction may correlate with cognitive health in late life, even when<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>remains normal. The results add to growing evidence that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content>may be a more sensitive and preferred method for quantifying subclinical changes in cardiac function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.117.007562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]],"date-time":"2018-02-14T01:10:55Z","timestamp":1518570655000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Subclinical Compromise in Cardiac Strain Relates to Lower Cognitive Performances in Older Adults"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Hailey A.","family":"Kresge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Alzheimer's Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omair A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madison A.","family":"Wagener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Memory &amp; 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