{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:05:59Z","timestamp":1791867959602,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Although advanced heart failure (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) is a clinically documented risk factor for vascular cognitive impairment, the occurrence and pathomechanisms of vascular cognitive impairment in early stages of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              are equivocal. Here, we characterize vascular cognitive impairment in the early stages of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              development and assess whether cerebral hypoperfusion or prothrombotic conditions are involved.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Tg\u03b1q*44 mice with slowly developing isolated\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              triggered by cardiomyocyte\u2010specific overexpression of G\u2010\u03b1q*44 protein were studied before the end\u2010stage\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , at the ages of 3, 6, and 10\u00a0months: before left ventricle dysfunction; at the stage of early left ventricle diastolic dysfunction (with preserved ejection fraction); and left ventricle diastolic\/systolic dysfunction, respectively. In 6\u2010 to 10\u2010month\u2010old but not in 3\u2010month\u2010old Tg\u03b1q*44 mice, behavioral and cognitive impairment was identified with compromised blood\u2010brain barrier permeability, most significantly in brain cortex, that was associated with myelin sheet loss and changes in astrocytes and microglia. Brain endothelial cells displayed increased E\u2010selectin immunoreactivity, which was accompanied by increased amyloid\u2010\u03b2\n              <jats:sub>1\u201042<\/jats:sub>\n              accumulation in piriform cortex and increased cortical oxidative stress (8\u2010\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n              dG immunoreactivity). Resting cerebral blood flow measured by magnetic resonance imaging in\u00a0vivo was preserved, but ex\u00a0vivo\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>\n              \u2010dependent cortical arteriole flow regulation was impaired. Platelet hyperreactivity was present in 3\u2010 to 10\u2010month\u2010old Tg\u03b1q*44 mice, but it was not associated with increased platelet\u2010dependent thrombogenicity.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We report for the first time that vascular cognitive impairment is already present in the early stage of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              development, even before left ventricle systolic dysfunction. The underlying pathomechanism, independent of brain hypoperfusion, involves preceding platelet hyperreactivity and brain endothelium inflammatory activation.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.117.007694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]],"date-time":"2018-03-26T09:05:13Z","timestamp":1522055113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Vascular Cognitive Impairment Linked to Brain Endothelium Inflammation in Early Stages of Heart Failure in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Mateusz G.","family":"Adamski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Sternak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jagiellonian Centre for 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