{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T18:33:06Z","timestamp":1770489186364,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Previous studies of age at menarche and cardiometabolic health report conflicting findings, and only a few could account for childhood characteristics. We aimed to estimate the associations of age at menarche with cardiovascular risk factors in unrelated women and within sister groups, under the assumption that within\u2010sibship estimates will be better adjusted for shared genetics and early life environment.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Our study included 7770 women, from 5984 sibships, participating in the GS:SFHS (Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study). We used fixed\u2010 and between\u2010effects linear regression to estimate the associations within sister groups and between unrelated individuals, respectively. Within sibships, the mean difference between sisters with early menarche (\u226411\u00a0years) and sisters with menarche at 12 to 13\u00a0years was 1.73 mm\u00a0Hg (95% confidence interval [CI], \u22120.41 to 3.86) for systolic blood pressure, 1.26 mm\u00a0Hg (95% CI, \u22120.02 to 2.55) for diastolic blood pressure, \u22120.06\u00a0nmol\/L (95% CI, \u22120.11 to \u22120.02) for high\u2010density lipoprotein, 0.20\u00a0nmol\/L (95% CI, 0.08\u20130.32) for non\u2013high\u2010density lipoprotein, \u22120.34% (95% CI, \u22121.98 to 1.30) for glucose, 1.60\u00a0kg\/m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              (95% CI, 0.92\u20132.28) for body mass index, and 2.75\u00a0cm (95% CI, 1.06\u20134.44) for waist circumference. There was weak evidence of associations between later menarche (14\u201315 or \u226516\u00a0years) and lower body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressure. We found no strong evidence that estimates from within\u2010 and between\u2010sibship analyses differed (all\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              values &gt;0.1). The associations with other cardiovascular risk factors were attenuated after adjustment for adult body mass index.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Our results suggest that confounding by shared familial characteristics is unlikely to be a major driver of the association between early menarche and adverse cardiometabolic health but do not exclude confounding by individual\u2010level characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.117.007780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,12]],"date-time":"2018-02-12T16:19:31Z","timestamp":1518452371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Age at Menarche and Cardiometabolic Health: A Sibling Analysis in the Scottish Family Health Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Maria C.","family":"Magnus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debbie A.","family":"Lawlor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom"},{"name":"NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stamatina","family":"Iliodromiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandosh","family":"Padmanabhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott M.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, United Kingdom"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom"},{"name":"NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128427"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2410-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.6.1876"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003580"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-9-99"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ15-0192"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12653"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx219"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-13-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026076"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep11208"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1785"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3649-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2012.177"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010070"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","first-page":"502","article-title":"Adiposity in relation to age at menarche and other reproductive factors among 300 000 Chinese women: findings from China Kadoorie Biobank study","volume":"46","author":"Yang L","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang L, Li L, Millwood IY, Lewington S, Guo Y, Sherliker P, Peters SA, Bian Z, Wu X, Yu M, Liu H, Wang H, Mao E, Chen J, Woodward M, Peto R, Chen Z. 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