{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T02:43:46Z","timestamp":1792550626264,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,17]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Endothelial microparticles are associated with chronic kidney disease (\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and complement activation. We hypothesized that the complement pathway is activated in patients\n with CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n via endothelial microparticles and that complement activation correlates with endothelial dysfunction in\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n \n We analyzed complement data of 30 healthy subjects, 30 patients with stage\n III<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n IV CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and 30 renal transplant recipients with stage\n III<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n IV CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , evaluating the potential correlation of complement fragments with brachial artery flow\u2013mediated dilation, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration glomerular filtration rate, and urinary albumin\/creatinine ratio. Endothelial microparticles were characterized via proteomic analysis and compared between study groups. Complement fragment Ba was significantly increased in\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and post\u2013kidney transplant\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Plasma Ba levels correlated significantly with lower brachial artery flow\u2013mediated dilation, lower Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration glomerular filtration rate, and higher urinary albumin\/creatinine ratio. Factor D levels were significantly higher in the plasma microparticles of patients with CKD versus healthy controls. Plasma microparticles isolated from patients with CKD and containing factor D activated the alternative pathway in\u00a0vitro.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n The alternative complement pathway is activated in\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and correlates with endothelial dysfunction and markers of\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Future studies are needed to evaluate whether endothelial microparticles with increased factor D play a pathologic role in\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010associated vascular disease.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n \n URL<\/jats:styled-content>\n :\n http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n . Unique identifier:\n NCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 02230202.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.117.007818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]],"date-time":"2018-07-13T09:16:39Z","timestamp":1531473399000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Endothelial Microparticles and Systemic Complement Activation in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Jalal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City IA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon","family":"Renner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Laskowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Stites","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karissa","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiying","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loni","family":"Perrenoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moglie","family":"Le Quintrec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Lapeyronnie Hospital and INSERM U1183 IRMB Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismaeel","family":"Muhamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering and Comparative Medicine Institute North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina\u2010Chapel Hill NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Christians","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iC42 Clinical Research and Development University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Klawitter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iC42 Clinical Research and Development University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret A.","family":"Lindorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald P.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. 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