{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T09:27:31Z","timestamp":1793179651931,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Infective endocarditis (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) after transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPVI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) in dysfunctioning right ventricular outflow tract conduits has evoked growing concerns. We aimed to investigate the incidence and the natural history of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              after\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPVI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              with the Melody valve through a systematic review of published data.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              PubMed,\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMBASE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for articles published until March 2017, reporting on\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              after\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPVI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              with the Melody valve. Nine studies (including 851 patients and 2060\u00a0patient\u2010years of follow\u2010up) were included in the analysis of the incidence of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              . The cumulative incidence of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ranged from 3.2% to 25.0%, whereas the annualized incidence rate ranged from 1.3% to 9.1% per patient\u2010year. The median (interquartile range) time from\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPVI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              to the onset of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              was 18.0 (9.0\u201330.4) months (range, 1.0\u201372.0\u00a0months). The most common findings were positive blood culture (93%), fever (89%), and new, significant, and\/or progressive right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (79%); vegetations were detectable on echocardiography in only 34% of cases. Of 69 patients with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              after\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPVI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , 6 (8.7%) died and 35 (52%) underwent surgical and\/or transcatheter reintervention. Death or reintervention was more common in patients with new\/significant right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (69% versus 33%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.042) and in patients with non\u2010streptococcal\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (73% versus 30%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.001).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              The incidence of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IE<\/jats:styled-content>\n              after implantation of a Melody valve is significant, at least over the first 3\u00a0years after\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPVI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , and varies considerably between the studies. Although surgical\/percutaneous reintervention is a common consequence, some patients can be managed medically, especially those with streptococcal infection and no right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.117.008163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,22]],"date-time":"2018-06-22T09:15:19Z","timestamp":1529658919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Infective Endocarditis After Melody Valve Implantation in the Pulmonary Position: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Abdelghani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Nassif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nico A.","family":"Blom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martijn S.","family":"Van Mourik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Straver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Koolbergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Academic Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolanda","family":"Kluin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Academic Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan G.","family":"Tijssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara J. 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