{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:31:29Z","timestamp":1782469889373,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n A simple method to assess renal function is the estimated glomerular filtration rate, and it shows prognostic implications. However, it remains unknown which equation\u00a0should be used in patients with acute coronary syndrome. We compared the ability and correlation of the Cockcroft\u2010Gault, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease\u20104 (MDRD\u20104), and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD\u2010EPI) equations and their predictive performance for major adverse cardiovascular events, all\u2010cause mortality, and major bleeding in a cohort of patients with acute coronary syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Multicenter prospective registry involving 1699 consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome from 3 tertiary institutions. At entry, renal function was assessed using the Cockcroft\u2010Gault,\n MDRD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20104, and\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n EPI<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010creatinine equations. During 12\u00a0months of follow\u2010up, we recorded all major adverse cardiovascular events (composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal ischemic stroke), bleeding events (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium classification), and all\u2010cause mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curve comparisons demonstrated that Cockcroft\u2010Gault equation\u00a0had higher predictive ability compared with\n MDRD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20104 equation\u00a0for major adverse cardiovascular events (0.651 versus 0.616;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =0.023), major bleeding (0.600 versus 0.551;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =0.005), and all\u2010cause mortality (0.754 versus 0.717;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =0.033), as well as higher predictive ability compared with\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n EPI<\/jats:styled-content>\n equation\u00a0for major bleeding (0.600 versus 0.564;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =0.018). Integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement analyses showed superior discrimination and reclassification of Cockcroft\u2010Gault equation. Decision curve analyses graphically demonstrated higher net benefit and clinical usefulness of the Cockcroft\u2010Gault equation\u00a0in comparison with\n MDRD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20104 and\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010EPI equations.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n In patients with acute coronary syndrome, the Cockcroft\u2010Gault equation\u00a0presented superior predictive ability for major adverse cardiovascular events, major bleeding, and all\u2010cause mortality compared with\n MDRD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20104 equation, and superior predictive ability for major bleeding compared with\n CKD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010EPI equation. The Cockcroft\u2010Gault equation\u00a0also showed higher net benefit and clinical usefulness.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.118.008725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,21]],"date-time":"2018-04-21T09:20:11Z","timestamp":1524302411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Disparities in the Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate According to Cockcroft\u2010Gault, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease\u20104, and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration Equations and Relation With Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Rivera\u2010Caravaca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB\u2010Arrixaca), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Miguel","family":"Ruiz\u2010Nodar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de Alicante, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Tello\u2010Montoliu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB\u2010Arrixaca), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Asunci\u00f3n","family":"Esteve\u2010Pastor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB\u2010Arrixaca), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Quintana\u2010Giner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB\u2010Arrixaca), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"V\u00e9liz\u2010Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB\u2010Arrixaca), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esteban","family":"Orenes\u2010Pi\u00f1ero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB\u2010Arrixaca), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Romero\u2010Aniorte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB\u2010Arrixaca), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Vicente\u2010Ibarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicente","family":"Pernias\u2010Escrig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luna","family":"Carrillo\u2010Alem\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de Alicante, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Candela\u2010S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de Alicante, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Hortelano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de Alicante, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Villam\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y Biom\u00e9dica de Alicante, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Sand\u00edn\u2010Roll\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria y 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Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5527\/wjn.v1.i5.134"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000455239"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-015-0184-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease","volume":"3","author":"Kidney\u2010Disease:\u2010Improving\u2010Global\u2010Outcomes\u2010(KDIGO)\u2010CKD\u2010Work\u2010Group","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kidney\u2010Disease:\u2010Improving\u2010Global\u2010Outcomes\u2010(KDIGO)\u2010CKD\u2010Work\u2010Group . 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