{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T19:57:00Z","timestamp":1792612620413,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"21","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Cardiac rehabilitation (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) for patients with cardiovascular disease has traditionally involved low\u2010 to moderate\u2010intensity continuous aerobic exercise training (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MICT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ). There is growing and robust evidence that high\u2010intensity interval training (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) shows similar or greater efficacy compared with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MICT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              across a range of cardiovascular and metabolic measures, in both healthy populations and populations with a chronic illness. However, there is understandable concern about the safety aspects of applying\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              in\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              settings. This systematic review analyzed safety data drawn from recent proof\u2010of\u2010concept studies of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              during\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              among patients with cardiovascular disease.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We included trials comparing\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              with either\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MICT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              or usual care in patients with coronary artery disease or heart failure participating in tertiary care services, such as phase 2 (outpatient)\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>\n              . Adverse events occurring during or up to 4\u00a0hours after an exercise training session were collated. There were 23 studies included, which analyzed 1117 participants (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              =547;\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MICT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              =570). One major cardiovascular adverse event occurred in relation to an\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              session, equating to 1 major cardiovascular event per 17\u00a0083 training sessions (11\u00a0333 training hours). One minor cardiovascular adverse events and 3 noncardiovascular adverse events (primarily musculoskeletal complaints) were also reported for\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              . Two noncardiovascular events were reported in relation to\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MICT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              .\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIIT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              has shown a relatively low rate of major adverse cardiovascular events for patients with coronary artery disease or heart failure when applied within CR settings.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.118.009305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T09:00:16Z","timestamp":1540976416000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":193,"title":["High\u2010Intensity Interval Training for Patients With Cardiovascular Disease\u2014Is It Safe? A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Wewege","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Physiology School of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dohee","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Physiology School of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Prince of Wales Hospital and the Prince of Wales Clinical School University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Liou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Prince of Wales Hospital and the Prince of Wales Clinical School University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Keech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Physiology School of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"WHO . Global health estimates 2016: deaths by cause age sex by country and by region 2000\u20132016. 2015. Available at: http:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/global_burden_disease\/estimates\/en\/index1.html. Accessed March 24 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-017-0086-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"Cd011273","article-title":"Cardiac rehabilitation for people with heart disease: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews","volume":"12","author":"Anderson L","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anderson L, Taylor RS. Cardiac rehabilitation for people with heart disease: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;12:Cd011273.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2004.045559"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.701466"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12317"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0365-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0321-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095841"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114541"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02701367.2015.1015673"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.2014-0212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2017.1359679"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.116.022924"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S150596"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-0885-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.06.828"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487317728370"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2014.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5420840"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000461"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2017.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011858"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2008.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.681"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.181485"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.123117"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00518.2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/192479"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.11.067"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31828bbbd4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-014-2913-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-013-0980-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487313519345"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1278"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","first-page":"53","article-title":"Adipokines response to continuous versus interval aerobic training in ischaemic heart disease patients","volume":"9","author":"Mahmoud HH","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mahmoud HH, Mohamed NG, Mohamed AR, Ewas EB. Adipokines response to continuous versus interval aerobic training in ischaemic heart disease patients. Int J Pharmtech Res. 2016;9:53\u201359.","journal-title":"Int J Pharmtech Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215511405229"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2009.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487316661615"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487314560100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000156"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.12.063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.675041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198205000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","first-page":"265","article-title":"High\u2010intensity interval training versus moderate continuous training in coronary artery disease. A randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Corre J","year":"2016","unstructured":"Corre J, Bonnet G, Poustis P, Douard H. High\u2010intensity interval training versus moderate continuous training in coronary artery disease. A randomized controlled trial. Arch Cardiovasc Dis Suppl. 2016;8:265.","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2014.946318"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00149831-200602000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2011.11.086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141256"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.21.2329"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-13-1590"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012843"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12532"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JES.0b013e3181aa65fc"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.129171"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028318"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487316657669"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2015-000374"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487313488299"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjr.0000131677.96762.0c"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.1619"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000045"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Heart Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/JAHA.118.009305","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T11:00:14Z","timestamp":1715598014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/JAHA.118.009305"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/JAHA.118.009305"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.118.009305","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-04-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-09-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-10-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e009305"}}