{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:05:39Z","timestamp":1793243139861,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"23","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n The relationship between mitral valve prolapse (\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and sudden cardiac death (\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) remains controversial. In this systematic review, we evaluate the relationship between isolated\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n to better define a potential high\u2010risk subtype. In addition, we determine whether premortem parameters could predict\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n in patients with\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n and the incidence of\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n in\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed and Embase for all English literature articles published between 1960 and 2018 regarding\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n or cardiac arrest. We also identified articles investigating predictors of ventricular arrhythmias or\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and cohort studies reporting\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n outcomes in\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n . From 2180 citations, there were 79 articles describing 161 cases of\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n with\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n or cardiac arrest. The median age was 30\u00a0years and 69% of cases were female. Cardiac arrest occurred during situations of stress in 47% and was caused by ventricular fibrillation in 81%. Premature ventricular complexes on Holter monitoring (92%) were common. Most cases had bileaflet involvement (70%) with redundancy (99%) and nonsevere mitral regurgitation (83%). From 22 articles describing predictors for ventricular arrhythmias or\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n in\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n , leaflet redundancy was the only independent predictor of\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n . The incidence of\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n with\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n was estimated at 217 events per 100\u00a0000 person\u2010years.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Isolated\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n predominantly affects young females with redundant bileaflet prolapse, with cardiac arrest usually occurring as a result of ventricular arrhythmias. To better understand the complex relationship between\n MVP<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , standardized reporting of clinical, electrophysiological, and cardiac imaging parameters with longitudinal follow\u2010up is required.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.118.010584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T10:00:20Z","timestamp":1543485620000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Mitral Valve Prolapse and Sudden Cardiac Death: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Hui\u2010Chen","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Austin Health University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis J.","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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