{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:39:42Z","timestamp":1790743182014,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Inflammatory bowel disease (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) is characterized by a low prevalence of traditional risk factors, an increased aortic pulse\u2010wave velocity (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aPWV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ), and an excess of cardiovascular events. We have previously hypothesized that the cardiovascular risk excess reported in these patients could be explained by chronic inflammation. Here, we tested the hypothesis that chronic inflammation is responsible for the increased\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aPWV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              previously reported in\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              patients and that anti\u2010TNFa (anti\u2010tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha) therapy reduce\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aPWV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              in these patients.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              This was a multicenter longitudinal study. We enrolled 334 patients: 82 patients with ulcerative colitis, 85 patients with Crohn disease, and 167 healthy control subjects matched for age, sex, and mean blood pressure, from 3 centers in Europe, and followed them for 4\u00a0years (range, 2.5\u20135.7\u00a0years). At baseline,\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              patients had higher\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aPWV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              than controls.\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              patients in remission and those treated with anti\u2013TNFa during follow\u2010up experienced an aortic destiffening, whereas\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aPWV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              increased in those with active disease and those treated with salicylates (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.01). Disease duration (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.02) was associated with aortic stiffening as was, in patients with ulcerative colitis, high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein during follow\u2010up (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.02). All these results were confirmed after adjustment for major confounders. Finally, the duration of anti\u2013TNFa therapy was not associated with the magnitude of the reduction in\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aPWV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              at the end of follow\u2010up (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.85).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Long\u2010term anti\u2013TNFa therapy reduces\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aPWV<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , an established surrogate measure of cardiovascular risk, in patients with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              . This suggests that effective control of inflammation may reduce cardiovascular risk in these patients.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.118.010942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,2]],"date-time":"2019-02-02T10:01:22Z","timestamp":1549101682000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Inflammation and Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity: A Multicenter Longitudinal Study in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Luca","family":"Zanoli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadir","family":"Ozturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Gulhane School of Medicine Etlik, Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Cappello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DIBIMIS School of Medicine University of Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Inserra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Geraci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Internal Medicine University of Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Tuttolomondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DIBIMIS School of Medicine University of Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DIBIMIS School of Medicine University of Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DIBIMIS School of Medicine University of Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Duminuco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Riguccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musa 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