{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T14:00:29Z","timestamp":1789912829019,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              The natural history and long\u2010term outcome in pediatric patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) are poorly characterized. We sought to define the clinical characteristics and long\u2010term outcomes of a pediatric cohort with an initial diagnosis of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              .\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Patients were included from an International Registry of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              (consisting of 496 patients). Inclusion criteria were: (1)\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              with no identifiable cause following comprehensive analysis for ischemic, electrical or structural heart disease and (2) age \u226416\u00a0years. These included 54 pediatric\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              cases (age 12.7\u00b13.7\u00a0years, 59% male) among whom 28 (52%) had a previous history of syncope (median 2 syncopal episodes [interquartile range 1]). Thirty\u2010six (67%) had\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              in\u00a0situations associated with high adrenergic tone. During a median 109\u00b112\u00a0months of follow\u2010up, 31 patients (57%) had recurrence of ventricular arrhythmias, mainly\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              . Two patients developed phenotypic expression of an inherited arrhythmia syndrome during follow\u2010up (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and long\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              syndrome, respectively). A total of 15 patients had positive genetic testing for inherited arrhythmia syndromes. Ten patients (18%) experienced device\u2010related complications. Three patients (6%) died, 2 due to\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              storm.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              In pediatric patients with\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              , a minority develop a definite clinical phenotype during long\u2010term follow\u2010up. Recurrent\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VF<\/jats:styled-content>\n              is common in this patient group.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.118.011172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T14:54:42Z","timestamp":1557154482000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Long\u2010Term Follow\u2010Up of Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation in a Pediatric Population: Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Complications"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Frontera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Department, Hopital Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque Bordeaux France"},{"name":"Liryc Institute Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Vlachos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Department, Hopital Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Department, Hopital Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saagar","family":"Mahida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital Liverpool United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Pillois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Department, Hopital Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque Bordeaux France"},{"name":"Liryc Institute Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerard","family":"Fahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cork University Hospital Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Marquie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. Lille CHU Lille, F\u201059000 Lille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Cappato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzano, Milan, Italy and Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Stuart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Heart Institute Bristol United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Defaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier University of Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Kaski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases Great Ormond Street Hospital London United Kingdom"},{"name":"UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joris","family":"Ector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Gasthuisberg Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Maltret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Necker Enfants Malades Service de Cardiologie P\u00e9diatrique et Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Maladies Cardiaques H\u00e9r\u00e9ditaires Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrice","family":"Scanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier University of Caen France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Luc","family":"Pasquie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier University of Montpellier 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School of Medical and Dental Science Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Koutbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital La Timone Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Denis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Department, Hopital Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Pambrun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Department, Hopital Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Department, Hopital Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque Bordeaux 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Genetic testing in the evaluation of unexplained cardiac arrest: from the CASPER (Cardiac Arrest Survivors With Preserved Ejection Fraction Registry). 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