{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T13:17:57Z","timestamp":1792761477751,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Patients undergoing lead extraction for infected devices have worse outcomes compared with those with noninfected devices. We assessed predictors of in\u2010hospital mortality and procedure\u2010related major adverse events (\n MAEs<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in a large cohort undergoing lead extraction.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Deidentified hospital records procedure from 7 states between 1994 and 2013 were aggregated and\n International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision (ICD\u20109)<\/jats:italic>\n procedure codes were used to identify hospital records reporting lead extraction.\n MAEs<\/jats:styled-content>\n included death, cardiac tamponade, hemothorax, and need for emergent cardiac surgery. Predictors of in\u2010hospital\n MAEs<\/jats:styled-content>\n for infected compared with noninfected leads were identified using multivariate regression. Associations between outcomes and specific microbe were also assessed. In total, 57\u00a0220 discharges specified lead extraction. Infected leads accounted for the minority of total lead extractions compared with fractured leads (16.1 versus 59.8%, 25.7% not reported). There were 3298\n MAE<\/jats:styled-content>\n s (5.8%) including 980 deaths (1.7%). Multivariate predictors of\n MAE<\/jats:styled-content>\n included black race, atrial fibrillation, anemia, heart failure, and admission via either hospital transfer or emergency department versus home (all\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001). Infected leads were associated with an increased risk of death (4.6% versus 0.9%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001) compared with leads with fracture only. Among patients with microbial data, staphylococcal infection was most common, whereas streptococcal infection was associated with the worst outcomes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Patients undergoing extraction of infected leads have higher in\u2010hospital mortality and adverse events compared with noninfected leads. Streptococcus, anemia, and heart failure are predictors of adverse outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.118.011473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T09:00:25Z","timestamp":1584694825000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Analysis of Outcomes in 8304 Patients Undergoing Lead Extraction for Infection"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1761-6066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan G.","family":"Aleong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology University of Colorado Hospital Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew M.","family":"Zipse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology University of Colorado Hospital Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Tompkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology University of Colorado Hospital Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Aftab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery University of Colorado Denver CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Varosy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology University of Colorado Hospital Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Sauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology University of Colorado Hospital Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology University of Colorado Hospital Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu147"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.111.965277"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2009.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","unstructured":"Houchens RCB Steiner C. 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