{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T06:16:36Z","timestamp":1792736196597,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Thoracic aortic aneurysm (\n TAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and dissection (\n TAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) are characterized by progressive disorganization of the aortic wall matrix, including elastin, a highly immunogenic molecule. Whether acquired autoimmune responses can be detected in\n TAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n TAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients who are smokers is unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine whether\n TAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n TAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n smokers have increased T\u2010cell responses to human elastin fragments, and to determine whether autoimmune responses in\n TAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n TAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n smokers are dependent on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In a cross\u2010sectional study (N=86), we examined peripheral blood\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T cell responses to elastin fragments in never\u2010, former\u2010, or current\u2010smokers with or without\n TAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n TAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T cells were co\u2010cultured with irradiated autologous peripheral blood\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a\n +<\/jats:sup>\n \/\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 14\n +<\/jats:sup>\n antigen presenting cells pulsed with or without elastin fragments to measure cytokine production. Baseline plasma concentration of anti\u2010elastin antibodies and elastin\u2010degrading enzymes (eg, matrix metalloproteinase\u20109, and \u201012, and neutrophil elastase) were measured in the same cohort. elastin fragment\u2010specific\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T cell expression of interferon\u2010\u03b3, and anti\u2010elastin antibodies were dependent on history of smoking in\n TAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n TAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients but were independent of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Matrix metalloproteinase\u20109, and \u201012, and neutrophil elastase plasma concentrations were also significantly elevated in ever\u2010smokers with\n TAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n TAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Cigarette smoke is associated with loss of self\u2010tolerance and induction of elastin\u2010specific autoreactive T\u2010 and B\u2010cell responses in patients with\n TAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n TAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Development of peripheral blood biomarkers to track immunity to self\u2010antigens could be used to identify and potentially prognosticate susceptibility to\n TAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n TAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n in smokers.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.118.011671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]],"date-time":"2019-04-08T09:15:08Z","timestamp":1554714908000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Elastin\u2010Specific Autoimmunity in Smokers With Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection is Independent of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Bon\u2010Hee","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin C.","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying H.","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Texas Heart Institute Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Zhen","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Scheurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section\u00a0of Hematology\u2010Oncology Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amber","family":"Luong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery McGovern Medical School University of Texas Health Science Center Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antony","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"},{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Immunology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"},{"name":"Biology of Inflammation Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prescott","family":"Woodruff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Koth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Corry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"},{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Immunology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"},{"name":"Biology of Inflammation Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"},{"name":"Center for Translational Research in Inflammatory Diseases Michael E. 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