{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:15:28Z","timestamp":1776125728314,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAHA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              Peripheral artery disease is a major socioeconomic challenge in the diabetes mellitus community and non\u2010surgical treatment options are limited. As remote ischemic conditioning (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) improves vascular function and attenuates ischemia\u2010induced tissue damage, we investigated the efficacy of\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n              on vascular and neuronal function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with peripheral artery disease.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              We enrolled 36 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with moderately reduced toe pressure (40\u201370\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg) in a randomized sham\u2010controlled double\u2010masked trial. Patients were allocated to 12\u00a0weeks once daily upper arm cuff\u2010based treatment of either\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n              treatment (4 cycles of 5\u2010minute ischemia followed by 5\u2010minute reperfusion) or similar sham\u2010device treatment. Primary outcome was transcutaneous tissue oxygen tension of the instep of the feet. Secondary outcomes were aortic pulse wave velocity, toe pressure and toe\u2010brachial index. Tertiary outcomes were markers of peripheral and autonomic nerve function. We enrolled 36 patients (83% men). Patients had a mean (\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n              ) age of 70.7\u00a0years (6.8), diabetes mellitus duration of 18.4\u00a0years (8.3), HbA1c (gycated hemoglobin) of 59.7\u00a0mmol\/mol (11.2). Eighty percent had peripheral symmetrical neuropathy. The mean difference in change of transcutaneous tissue oxygen tension from baseline between the\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n              and sham\u2010treated groups was \u22120.03\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg ([95%\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n              \u22120.1; 0.04],\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.438).\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n              did not elicit any change in additional outcomes. Three patients experienced transient skin petechiae in the treated arm.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Long\u2010term repeated remote ischemic conditioning treatment have no effect on tissue oxygenation, vascular or neuronal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and moderate peripheral artery disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec xml:lang=\"en\">\n            <jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">URL<\/jats:styled-content>\n              :\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.ClinicalTrials.gov\">http:\/\/www.ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n              . Unique identifier:\n              <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n              02749942.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.118.011779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T09:08:05Z","timestamp":1560935285000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Efficacy of Long\u2010Term Remote Ischemic Conditioning on Vascular and Neuronal Function in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Christian S.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marit E.","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"},{"name":"National Institute of Public Health Southern Denmark University Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Fleischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans Erik","family":"B\u00f8tker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus N Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rossing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1078-5884(11)60012-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr211"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2009.02866.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2009.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.10.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.06.058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.001346"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005336"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"1175","article-title":"Remote ischemic conditioning improves coronary microcirculation in healthy subjects and patients with heart failure","volume":"8","author":"Kono Y","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kono Y, Fukuda S, Hanatani A, Nakanishi K, Otsuka K, Taguchi H, Shimada K. 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